Mumotokari yega yega yemazuva ano kune yakagadziridzwa magetsi network, iyo voltage iyo inogadziriswa nechikamu chakakosha - relay-regulator.Verenga zvese nezve relay-regulators, avo aripo marudzi, dhizaini uye mashandiro, pamwe nekusarudzwa nekutsiviwa kwezvikamu izvi muchinyorwa.
Chii chinonzi voltage regulator relay?
Voltage regulator relay (voltage regulator) chikamu chemagetsi emotokari;Chigadzirwa chemagetsi, chemagetsi kana chemagetsi chinopa tsigiro yevoltage inoshanda mune-pane-bhodhi magetsi mukati meimwe miganhu.
Gadziriro yemagetsi yemotokari inovakwa nenzira yokuti kana chikwata chemagetsi chikamiswa, bhatiri (bhatiri) rinoshanda sechitubu chemagetsi, uye painotangwa, jenareta inoshandura chikamu chesimba rejini kuva magetsi.Nekudaro, iyo jenareta ine yakakosha drawback - iyo voltage yeazvino inogadzirwa nayo zvinoenderana nekumhanya kwe crankshaft, pamwe neiyo ikozvino inopedzwa nemutoro uye ambient tembiricha.Kuti ubvise dhizaini iyi, chishandiso chekubatsira chinoshandiswa - relay-regulator kana kungoita voltage regulator.
Iyo voltage regulator inogadzirisa matambudziko akati wandei:
● Voltage kugadzikana - kuchengetedza magetsi e-on-board network mukati memiganhu yakatarwa (mukati me12-14 kana 24-28 volts nekutsauka kunobvumirwa);
● Kudzivirirwa kwebhatiri kubva pakubuda kuburikidza nemagetsi ejenareta kana injini yakamira;
● Mamwe marudzi ezvigadziro - otomatiki kudzima kwevatangi kana injini inobudirira kutanga;
● Mamwe marudzi ezvigadziriso - otomatiki kubatana uye kubviswa kwejenareta kubva kubhatiri kuti ichajise;
● Mamwe marudzi evatongi - kushandura magetsi e-on-board network zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze (kuendeswa kwegadziriro yemagetsi kukushanda kwezhizha nechando).
Ese mota, matirakita nemichina yakasiyana-siyana ine relay-regulators.Kusashanda kwechikwata ichi kunokanganisa kushanda kwegadziriro yose yemagetsi, pane dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kutungamirira kuparara kwemidziyo yemagetsi nemoto.Nokudaro, mutongi asina kunaka anofanira kuchinjwa nokukurumidza sezvinobvira, uye nokuda kwechisarudzo chakanaka chechikamu chitsva, zvakakosha kunzwisisa marudzi aripo, dhizaini uye nheyo yekushanda kwevatongi.
Mhando, dhizaini uye musimboti wekushanda kweiyo relay-regulator
Nhasi, kune marudzi akawanda e-relay-regulators, asi basa ravo rinobva pamitemo yakafanana.Chero regulator ine zvinhu zvitatu zvakabatana:
- Kuyera (sensitive) chinhu;
- Kuenzanisa (kutonga) chinhu;
- Regulatory element.
Iyo regulator yakabatana kumunda wemhepo yejenareta (OVG), kuyera uye kushandura simba razvino mairi - izvi zvinogonesa kugadzikana kwemagetsi.Kazhinji, iyi hurongwa inoshanda sezvinotevera.Iyo yekuyera chinhu, yakavakirwa pahwaro hwemagetsi divider, inogara ichitarisisa simba razvino muOVG uye inoishandura kuita chiratidzo chinouya kukuenzanisa (kutonga) chinhu.Pano, chiratidzo chinofananidzwa neyakajairwa - iyo voltage kukosha iyo inowanzo fanirwa kushanda mumotokari yemagetsi system.Iyo yereferensi chinhu chinogona kuvakwa pahwaro hwevibration relays uye zener diodes.Kana chiratidzo chinobva pachiyero chekuyera chinoenderana nereferensi (ine kutsauka kunobvumidzwa), ipapo mutongi haashande.Kana iyo inopinda chiratidzo ichisiyana nechiratidzo chechiratidzo mune imwe nzira kana imwe, ipapo chinhu chekuenzanisa chinoburitsa chiratidzo chekutonga chinouya kune chinogadzirisa chinhu chakavakirwa pane relays, transistors kana zvimwe zvinhu.Chinhu chinogadzirisa chinoshandura ikozvino muOVG, iyo inobudirira kudzoka kwemagetsi pakubuda kwejenereta kumiganhu inodiwa.
Voltage regulator block diagram
Sezvakatoratidzwa, mayuniti ekudzora akavakirwa pane yakasiyana element base, pane iyi nheyo michina yakakamurwa kuva akati wandei marudzi:
● Kubvunda;
● Bata-transistor;
● Electronic transistor (isina kubata);
● Integral (transistor, yakagadzirwa uchishandisa teknolojia yakasanganiswa).
Dhiagiramu ye vibration relay-regulator
Nhoroondo, vibration zvishandiso ndizvo zvakatanga kuoneka, izvo, izvo, zvinonzi, relay-regulators.Muchigadzirwa chakadaro, ese matatu mayuniti anogona kusanganiswa mune imwe dhizaini - yemagetsi relay ine inowanzovharwa mabatiro, kunyangwe iyo yekuyera chinhu chinogona kuitwa muchimiro chedivider pane resistors.Simba rekumanikidzika rechitubu chekudzoka rinoshanda sereferensi kukosha mune relay.Kazhinji, relay-regulator inoshanda zviri nyore.Iine yakaderera ikozvino paOVG kana yakaderera voltage pakubuda kwejenereta (zvichienderana nenzira yekubatanidza regulator), relay haishande uye ikozvino inoyerera zvakasununguka kuburikidza neakavharwa mabiko - izvi zvinotungamira kuwedzera kwemagetsi.Kana iyo voltage ichikwira, iyo relay inokonzeresa, iyo voltage mudunhu inodonha uye relay inoburitswa, iyo voltage inosimuka zvakare uye relay inotangwa zvakare - iyi ndiyo nzira iyo relay inoshandura kune oscillation mode.Kana iyo voltage pajenareta ichichinja mune imwe nzira kana imwe, iyo oscillation frequency yeiyo relay inoshanduka, iyo inovimbisa kugadzikana kwemagetsi.
Parizvino, vibration relays, iyo ine yakaderera kushanda uye kusavimbika kwakakwana, haichashandiswi pamotokari.Pane imwe nguva, ivo vakatsiviwa ne-contact-transistor regulators, umo vibration relay inoshandiswa sechinhu chekuenzanisa / chekudzora, uye transistor inoshanda mukiyi modhi inoshandiswa sechinhu chinodzora.Pano, transistor inobata basa relay contacts, saka, kazhinji, kushanda kwemutongi akadaro kwakafanana neyakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa.Nhasi, vatongi verudzi urwu vanongotsiviwa neasina kuonana transistors emhando dzakasiyana siyana.
Mune zvisingabatanidzi transistor regulators, iyo relay inotsiviwa neye nyore semiconductor mudziyo - zener diode.Iyo zener diode stabilization voltage inoshandiswa seyereferensi kukosha, uye chinhu chekutonga chinovakwa pahwaro hwe transistors.Pamhepo yakaderera, zener diode uye transistors vari mumamiriro ezvinhu zvokuti iyo yakawanda ikozvino inopiwa kuOVG, iyo inotungamirira kuwedzera kwemagetsi.Kana iyo inodiwa voltage level yasvika, iyo zener diode uye transistors inoshandura kune imwe nyika uye inotanga kushanda mune oscillatory mode, iyo, sepaya yakajairika relay, inopa voltage kugadzikana.
Mazuva ano magetsi emagetsi akavakirwa pane transistors uye anogona kuve ne pulse-width modulator (PWM), kuburikidza iyo inochinja frequency yedunhu inogadzika uye mudziyo unogona kuunzwa mune yakajairika mota yekudzora system.
Vasina-kubata transistor regulators vanogona kuitwa pane discrete zvinhu uye yakabatanidzwa tekinoroji.Muchiitiko chekutanga, maitiro emagetsi emagetsi (zener diodes, transistors, resistors, nezvimwewo) anoshandiswa, muchiitiko chechipiri, chikwata chose chinounganidzwa pane imwe chip kana compact block ye compact radio components yakazadzwa nekomboni.
Iyo inofungidzirwa dhizaini ine yakapfava relay-regulators, muchokwadi, zvakanyanya kuomarara zvishandiso zvine akasiyana ebetsero mayuniti anoshandiswa - kudzora kwekutanga, kudzivirira kubuda kwebhatiri kuburikidza nemunda wemhepo, kugadzirisa maitiro ekushandisa zvichienderana nekupisa, kuchengetedzwa kwedunhu, kuzviongorora uye nezvimwe. .Pane akawanda relay-regulator ematarakita nemarori, mukana wekugadzirisa manyore yemagetsi ekudzikamisa anoitwa zvakare.Kugadziriswa uku kunoitwa pachishandiswa chinosiyana resistor (mu vibration madivayiri - uchishandisa chitubu) nenzira yechibatiso kana mubato wakaiswa kunze kweimba.
Regulators anogadzirwa nenzira yemabhuru madiki akaiswa zvakananga pane jenareta kana munzvimbo iri nyore pamotokari.Chishandiso chacho chinogona kubatanidzwa neOVG uye / kana kubuda kwejenareta, kana kune chikamu che-on-board magetsi panodiwa magetsi akagadzikana.Muchiitiko ichi, imwe terminal yeOVG inofanira kunge yakabatana ne "+" kana kuti "-" pane-bhodhi magetsi.
Voltage regulator relays yekuisa kunze kwejenareta
Nyaya dzekusarudza, diagnostics uye kutsiva voltage regulator relays
Kukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kunogona kuitika mune relay-regulators, iyo muzviitiko zvakawanda inoratidzwa nekusavapo kwebhatiri yekuchaja ikozvino uye, pane zvinopesana, nekunyanyisa kuchaja ikozvino kwebhatiri.Cheki yakapusa yeregulator inogona kuitwa uchishandisa voltmeter - ingotanga injini uye ita kuti imhanye pane frequency ye10-15 rpm uye nemwenje wemoto kwemaminitsi 2500-3000.Zvadaro, pasina kuderedza kukurumidza uye pasina kudzima mwenje, kuyera magetsi pamagetsi ebheteri - inofanira kuva 14.1-14.3 volts (ye24-volt kaviri yakakwirira).Kana iyo voltage yakaderera zvakanyanya kana yakakwirira, saka iyi inguva yekutarisa jenareta, uye kana yakarongeka, tsiva iyo regulator.
A relay-regulator yemhando imwechete uye modhi iyo yakaiswa kare inofanira kutorwa kuti itsive.Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti uteerere kurongeka kwekubatanidza kwemutongi kune-on-board network (kune zviteshi zvejenereta nezvimwe zvinhu), pamwe chete nemagetsi ekupa uye magetsi.Kutsiviwa kwechikamu kunofanira kuitwa maererano nemirairo, basa rinogona kuitwa chete kana injini yakamira uye iyo terminal inobviswa mubhatiri.Kana zvese zvinongedzo zvichiteverwa, uye mutongi akasarudzwa nemazvo, anobva atanga kushanda nekukurumidza, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwemaitiro emagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-13-2023