Mota dzese dzichange dzakashongedzerwa nemarambi anonongedza miraiti.Iko kwakaringana mashandiro ezviratidzo zvinopihwa neakakosha interrupter relays - verenga zvese nezve zvishandiso izvi, mhando dzadzo, dhizaini uye mashandiro, pamwe nezve kusarudzwa uye kutsiva, mune ino chinyorwa.
Chii chinonzi turn relay?
Turn relay (turn indicator interrupter relay, current breaker) chinhu chemagetsi kana chemagetsi chakagadzirirwa kuvhara uye kuvhura dunhu remotokari yemwenje yenzira yezviratidzo kuitira kuti ibudise chiratidzo chepakati chekunyevera nezvemotokari ichiita mamwe mafambisirwo.
Ichi chishandiso chine mabasa mana makuru:
• Kuumbwa kwechiratidzo chinopindirana chechiedza chechiratidzo chinovhenekera kune rumwe rutivi rwemotokari (kurudyi kana kuruboshwe) paunenge uchiita maitiro anoenderana;
• Kugadzirwa kwechiratidzo chepakati chemwenje yese yekunongedzera kana alarm yavhurwa;
• Kuumbwa kwechiratidzo chinopindirana chemwenje wekutonga unowirirana pane dashboard;
• Kugadzirwa kwechiratidzo chemukati chinonzwika chinozivisa mutyairi nezvezviratidzi zvinobatidzwa.
Iyo interrupter relay ine matatu maseketi emagetsi: maviri anochinja masaini emwenje maseketi kudivi rekurudyi nekuruboshwe kwemotokari, uye imwe alarm yedunhu (iyo inosanganisira zviratidzo zvegwara kumativi ese emotokari).Kuti uvhure alarm yemwenje, iyo relay inobatanidzwa kune inoenderana dunhu uchishandisa paddle shifter.Naizvozvo, kazhinji kacho imwe chete yekutenderera relay inoiswa pamotokari.
Mitemo yemazuva ano yemugwagwa uye zviyero zvinosimbisa kuti motokari dzose dzinoshandiswa munharaunda yeRussian Federation dzinofanira kunge dzakagadzirirwa zviratidzo zvekutungamirira, uye kushandiswa kwearamu iyi kunosungirwa paunenge uchiita chero maitiro.Kana iyo alarm yemwenje isiri kushanda, zvinodikanwa kutora matanho ekubvisa malfunctions, kazhinji kugadzirisa kunoderedzwa kuita nyore kutsiva kweinotendeuka chiratidzo chinovhiringidza relay.Asi usati watenga uye kushandura relays, unofanirwa kunzwisisa mhando dzezvishandiso izvi zviripo nhasi, chimiro chavo uye maitiro.
Classification, mudziyo uye musimboti wekushanda kwekutenderera relay
Pamotokari, matirakita nemimwe midziyo, marudzi maviri makuru erelays anoshandiswa:
• Electromagnetothermal;
• Zvemagetsi.
Zvishandiso zvemhando idzi zvakasiyana mumitemo yemuviri yekushanda yakaiswa mukati mavo uye, maererano, dhizaini.
Electromagnetothermal current breakers.Aya ndiwo matenderedzwa echinyakare dhizaini, ayo akashandiswa pamotokari kwemakumi emakore akati wandei, asi nekuda kwechishandiso chiri nyore uye kuvimbika, havasati varasikirwa nekukosha kwavo.
Hwaro hwechishandiso ichi ndeye electromagnetic core ine coil uye maviri simbi anchors ane ekuonana mapoka.Imwe anchor inodhonzwa kubva pakubata kwayo netambo yakatetepa ye nichrome (simbi ine yakakwirira resistivity uye yakakwirira coefficient yekuwedzera kwekupisa), anchor yechipiri inobatwa pane imwe chinhambwe kubva pakubata kwayo ne springy bronze ndiro.Rudzi urwu rwerelay inoshanda zviri nyore.Kana zviratidzo zvekutungamira zvinovhurwa, ikozvino inopfuura nepakati pemhepo inotenderera, nichrome tambo uye resistor, kushorwa kwedunhu iri kwakakwirira, saka marambi anopenya hafu-inopenya.Mukati menguva pfupi, tambo inopisa uye inorebesa nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekupisa - iyo armature inokwezvwa nekusangana kwayo uye inovhara dunhu - mune iyi kesi, ikozvino inoyerera ichitenderedza tambo uye resistor, iyo inotungamira mwenje mwenje inopenya nekuzara incandescence. .Iyo de-energized tambo inokurumidza kutonhora, yakapfupikiswa uye inodhonza armature kubva pakubata - dunhu rakaputsika, ikozvino inoyerera kuburikidza netambo zvakare uye nzira inodzokorora.
Panguva yekuvhara macontacts, ikozvino huru inoyerera nepakati pe electromagnetic core, magnetic field inoumbwa kumativi ayo, iyo inokwezva yechipiri armature - boka rechipiri revanoshamwaridzana rinovhara, iro rinoshandura mwenje padashboard.Nekuda kweizvi, kushanda kwezviratidzi zvegwara kunodzokororwa nekushanda kwerambi pane dashboard.Maitiro akatsanangurwa anogona kuitika neakawanda e60-120 nguva paminiti (ndiko kuti, yega yega kutenderera kwekudziya uye kutonhora tambo inotora kubva 0.5 kusvika 1 sekondi).
Dhizaini ye electromagnetothermal relay
Electromagnetothermal relays anowanzo kuiswa mune cylindrical simbi kesi ine screw kana banga anobatana, anogona kuiswa mukamuri yeinjini kana pasi pedhibhodhi.
Electronic turn breakers.Iyi ndiyo michina yemazuva ano inoshandiswa pamotokari itsva dzose.Nhasi, kune marudzi maviri emagetsi relay:
• Ne electromagnetic relay yekubatanidza mutoro (turn signal mwenje);
• Nekiyi yemagetsi yekubatanidza mutoro.
Muchiitiko chekutanga, relay relay ine maviri anoshanda zvidhinha - iri nyore electromagnetic relay uye kiyi yemagetsi pane semiconductor mudziyo (pane transistor kana microcircuit).Iyo kiyi yemagetsi inoita sejenareta yewachi, iyo, neyakafanotemerwa frequency, inopa ikozvino kumhepo yemagetsi relay, uye relay contacts, kuvhara nekuvhura, shuwa kuti maratidziro ekutungamira akabatidzwa nekudzimwa.
Muchiitiko chechipiri, panzvimbo ye electromagnetic relay, kiyi yemagetsi pa-high-power transistor inoshandiswa, iyo inopa kubatana uye kubviswa kwezviratidzo zvinotungamirira nehuwandu hunodiwa.
Mareyi emagetsi anowanzo kuiswa mumakesi epurasitiki akajairwa ane anobatika nebanga, anowanzo kuisirwa mubhokisi relay uye fuse, kashoma pasi pedhibhodhi kana mukamuri yeinjini.
Mibvunzo yekutenga kwakaringana nekutsiviwa kwekutendeuka relay
Kusashanda relay nderimwe rematambudziko akajairika emagetsi system yemotokari, uye kunyangwe mitemo yemugwagwa isingarambidze kushanda kwemotokari ine zvisizvo zviratidziro (sezvo masaini anogona kupihwa nemaoko), chikamu ichi chinofanira kutsiviwa. nokukurumidza sezvinobvira kana pakaitika kuputsika.Kuti utore nzvimbo, unofanirwa kusarudza relay yemhando imwechete uye modhi iyo yakaiswa pamotokari kare.Nekudaro, nhasi kune akawanda analogues eanowanzo kutendeuka relays pamusika, uye pakati pavo unogona kusarudza chakakodzera mudziyo.Kuti uite sarudzo yakanaka, iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve zvinotevera:
• Supply voltage - relay inofanira kuenderana nemagetsi emagetsi emotokari yemotokari (12 kana 24 volts);
• Nhamba uye nzvimbo yevanoshamwaridzana (pinout) - relay inofanira kuwira munzvimbo mubhokisi relay uye fuse kana mune imwe yekubatanidza pasina chero zvigadziridzo;
• Zviyero zvekesi - relay haifaniri kudarika zviyero zvebhokisi relay uye fuses (kunyangwe pane zvisizvo pano).
Mazuva ano relays ari nyore kuchinja - unoda kuzarura relay uye fuse bhokisi, kubvisa relay yekare, kana zvichidiwa, kuchenesa chibatanidza chemagetsi (bvisa tsvina neguruva), uye uise relay itsva.Electromagnetothermal breakers ane screw connectors inoda mamwe manipulations: unoda kusunungura nzungu dzekare relay, bvisa waya uye udzigadzirise pane itsva relay.Muchiitiko ichi, relay pachayo inowanzoiswa pamuviri uchishandisa bhakiti uye bhoti.Mune zvimwe zviitiko, electromagnetothermal relays inobvumira shanduko muhuwandu hwekuvhiringidzwa kwazvino - nekuda kweizvi, mudziyo unofanirwa kuparadzaniswa uye kugadziridzwa nekushandura sikururu inodhonza tambo yenichrome.
Nekusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kuisirwa, relay ichatanga kushanda nekukasira, kuve nechokwadi chekutevedzera mitemo yemigwagwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-18-2023