Enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokusabalalisa umlilo yi-base plate, enesibopho sokusebenza kwe-breaker.Konke mayelana namapuleti ama-breaker, izinhlobo zabo ezikhona nezici zokuklama, kanye nokukhetha, ukushintshwa nokulungiswa kwalezi zingxenye kuchazwe ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.
Iyini ipuleti le-ignition distributor
Ipuleti lokusabalalisa umlilo (i-breaker base plate) liyingxenye ye-ignition breaker-distributor (isabalalisi);Ipuleti lensimbi elisebenza njengesekelo leqembu lokuxhumana lebreaker noma i-stator distributor yesistimu yokubasa ngaphandle kokuthinta.
Ku-carburetor kanye nezinye izinjini zikaphethiloli womjovo, uhlelo lokuthungela lwakhiwe ngesisekelo semishini engumshini - i-breaker-distributor, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-distributor.Le yunithi ihlanganisa amadivaysi amabili: i-breaker eyenza uchungechunge lwama-pulses amanje amafushane, kanye nomsabalalisi oqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa okufika ngesikhathi kwalawa ma-cylinders enjini (yenza imisebenzi yokushintsha).Amasistimu ahlukahlukene anesibopho sokwakhiwa kwama-high-voltage pulses kubasabalalisi:
● Kuhlelo lokuthungela othintana naye - i-breaker eyakhelwe eqenjini loxhumana nabo, ngezikhathi ezithile evulwa yikhamera ejikelezayo;
● Kusistimu yokubasa engathinteki, inzwa (Ihholo, i-inductive noma i-optical) ekhiqiza amasignali okulawula iswishi, yona, ekhiqiza ama-voltage aphezulu kukhoyili yokuthungela.
Zombili izinhlelo - kokubili i-breaker contact evamile kanye nenzwa - zitholakala ngqo endlini yokusabalalisa ukushisa, zixhunywe ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-rotor yokusabalalisa.Kuzo zombili izimo, ukusekelwa kwalezi zinhlelo kuyingxenye ekhethekile - ipuleti le-breaker (noma ipuleti lokusabalalisa umlilo).Le ngxenye idlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwawo wonke umsabalalisi, ukwehluleka kwayo kuvame ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yokuthungela.Ipuleti elingalungile kufanele lilungiswe noma lishintshwe, kodwa ukuze kwenziwe ukulungiswa okunekhono, kuyadingeka ukuqonda izinhlobo ezikhona zamapuleti ama-breaker, ukwakheka kwawo kanye nezici.
Iqembu lokuxhumana le-breaker
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwepuleti lokusabalalisa umlilo
Amapuleti ama-breaker ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili ngokusho kohlobo lokusabalalisa umlilo:
● Othintana nomsabalalisi;
● Ngomsabalalisi ongathinteki.
Izingxenye zinomehluko omkhulu komunye nomunye ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni.
Amapuleti ama-breaker wesistimu yokuthungela othintana naye
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamapuleti esisekelo se-distributor breaker wesistimu yokuthungela othintana naye:
● Izingcwecwe ezingenalo ikheji;
● Amapuleti aqondaniswe nekheji yokuthwala.
Idizayini yomsabalalisi ene-base plate ehlukene noxhumana nabo
Umklamo olula kunawo wonke amapuleti ohlobo lokuqala.Isisekelo sokuklama ipuleti yensimbi enesitembu yesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi, phakathi nendawo lapho kwakhiwa imbobo eyindilinga ngekhola yokufaka i-bearing.Ipuleti linezimbobo ezinentambo nezilula zokukhweza iqembu lokuxhumana kanye nesitendi esinomugqa ozwakalayo wokugcoba nokuhlanza i-shaft, kanye nembobo emise okwe-wedge endaweni yokufaka yeqembu lokuxhumana lokulungisa igebe phakathi koxhumana nabo.Amapuleti ahlinzekwa nge-bearing efakwe kukhola kanye nentambo enkulu ene-terminal yohlobo olulodwa noma olunye.Amapuleti ama-breaker alolu hlobo asetshenziswa kakhulu kubasabalalisi abafakwe ku-VAZ "Classic" izimoto kanye nabanye, kumayunithi anjalo le ngxenye ibizwa ngokuthi "i-movable breaker plate".
Umklamo oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu unamapuleti ama-breaker ohlobo lwesibili.Ngokwesakhiwo, le ngxenye iqukethe izakhi ezimbili: ipuleti le-breaker elihambayo kanye nekheji elithwalayo.Ipuleti elihambayo linomklamo ofana nalokhu okuchazwe ngenhla, ngaphansi kwalo kukhona ikheji elithwala - futhi ingxenye yensimbi enesitembu, ezinhlangothini lapho imilenze yakheka khona ngezimbobo zokufakwa ezindlini zokusabalalisa.I-bearing itholakala phakathi kwepuleti eligudlukayo kanye nekheji, iqembu labathintwayo elinentambo kanye nomucu ozwakalayo kubekwa epuletini eligudlukayo, futhi intambo enkulu ixhunywe kukheji.
Zombili izinhlobo zamapuleti zifakwe ngaphansi kwendlu yokusabalalisa umlilo.Ipuleti ngaphandle kwe-cage yokuthwala ifakwe ngqo endlini, esebenza njengekheji.Uhlobo lwesibili lwepuleti lugxilile endlini enezikulufu ezifakwe kukheji yokufaka.Amapuleti anyakazayo axhunywe ku-vacuum corrector ngokusebenzisa i-traction, ngaleyo ndlela ashintshe isikhathi sokuthungela kuye ngemodi yokusebenza kwenjini.
Ipuleti le-igition distributor yohlobo lokuxhumana
Amapuleti okusabalalisa kusistimu yokuthungela othintana naye asebenza kanje.Ipuleti iqinisekisa indawo efanele yeqembu lokuxhumana elihlobene ne-shaft yokusabalalisa.Lapho i-shaft ijikeleza, amakhamera ayo ashaya othintana naye ohambayo, anikeze ukuphazamiseka kwesikhathi esifushane kwe-current, ngenxa yokuthi ama-pulse ane-voltage ephezulu adaleka kukhoyili yokuthungela, ahlinzekwa kumsabalalisi bese emakhandleleni kumasilinda. .Lapho ushintsha imodi yokusebenza yenjini, i-vacuum corrector izungeza ipuleti eligudlukayo nge-engeli ethile ohlangothini olulodwa noma kwenye, okufeza ushintsho esikhathini sokuthungela.Ukujikeleza okubushelelezi kwepuleti ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuqina okwanele kwesakhiwo kunikezwa ukuthwala.
Amapuleti abasabalalisi bokushisa abangathinteki
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zamapuleti okusabalalisa angathintwa:
● Ngenzwa yehholo;
● Ngenzwa ye-inductive;
● Ngenzwa yokubona.
Kuzo zonke izimo, isisekelo sengxenye iyipuleti yensimbi enesitembu lapho kufakwa khona inzwa noma enye idivayisi.Ipuleti ifakwe nge-bearing endlini yokusabalalisa futhi ixhunywe ku-vacuum corrector ngenduku, futhi ama-conductor nawo atholakala epuletini ukuze adlulisele amasignali okulawula akhiqiziwe ekushintsheni.
Ipuleti le-igition distributor yohlobo olungathinteki
Ngokuya ngohlobo lomsabalalisi, izingxenye ezahlukahlukene zingatholakala epuletini:
● Inzwa yehholo - idivayisi ene-Hall chip, lapho i-groove yenzelwe i-rotor exhunywe ku-shaft yokusabalalisa;
● Ikhoyili enamajika amaningi iyikhoyili eyindilinga eyisisekelo senzwa yohlobo lwe-inductive, uzibuthe oxhunywe ku-rotor yokusabalalisa usebenza njenge-rotor kunzwa enjalo;
● Inzwa yokubona iyidivayisi ene-LED kanye ne-photodiode (noma i-photoresistor), ehlukaniswa i-groove ye-rotor enezinqamuleli ezixhunywe ku-shaft yokusabalalisa.
Okusetshenziswa kakhulu yizinzwa-abasabalalisi ezakhiwe ngesisekelo senzwa yeHholo - zingatholakala ku-VAZ izimoto namaloli amaningi.Izinzwa ze-inductive zisetshenziswa kancane kakhulu, abasabalalisi abanjalo bangatholakala ezimotweni ze-GAZ-24 kanye ne-Volga kamuva, amamodeli we-UAZ ngabanye nabanye.Izinzwa ze-Optical ezimotweni ezifuywayo azisetshenziswanga, zingabonakala kwezinye izimoto ezenziwe kwamanye amazwe ezinenjini ye-carburetor.
Indlela yokukhetha nokushintshanisa ipuleti lokusabalalisa umlilo
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza komsabalalisi, ipuleti le-breaker lingaphansi kwemithwalo yemishini neyokushisa, okuholela ekugqokeni kancane kancane kwezingxenye zayo (ikakhulukazi iqembu lokuxhumana), ukuguqulwa nokulimala.Konke lokhu kubonakaliswa ukuwohloka kwesistimu yokuthungela, okuhlanganisa ushintsho oluzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokuthungela noma ukungakwazi ukukulungisa, ukubukeka kokuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwamasilinda ngamanye, ukuwohloka kokuqala, njll.
Ukuze umiselele, kufanele uthathe ipuleti le-breaker kuphela lohlobo (inombolo yekhathalogi) efakwe ngaphambili kumsabalalisi, noma enconywe umkhiqizi wokusabalalisa.Ukufaka ipuleti elisha, kuyadingeka ukuhlakaza nokuhlakaza umsabalalisi (njengoba le ngxenye itholakala phansi kweyunithi, kufanele ususe umsabalalisi kanye nomlawuli ukuze uyifinyelele) - lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo. yokulungisa injini noma imoto ethile.Ipuleti elisha kufanele lingene endaweni ngaphandle komzamo futhi lijikeleze ngokukhululekile ekuthwaleni.Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekuxhumekeni kwepuleti ne-vacuum corrector kanye nazo zonke iziphetho zikagesi.
Ukulungiswa kweqembu lokuxhumana labasabalalisi
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza komsabalalisi, izinkinga zingavela ezingahlobene nesimo sepuleti, kodwa zibangelwa ukuguqulwa kwegebe phakathi koxhumana nabo be-breaker.Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kufanele uhlukanise kancane umsabalalisi ngokususa ikhava, futhi ulinganise igebe phakathi koxhumana nabo - kufanele libe ngaphakathi kwemingcele ebekwe umenzi walo msabalalisi.Uma igebe lihluka kulowo ofakiwe, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukukhulula isikulufu esinamathisela iqembu lokuxhumana epuleti futhi ulungise igebe, bese uqinisa isikulufu.Kungase futhi kudingeke ukuhlanza othintana nabo kusuka ku-soot nge-sandpaper.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwepuleti le-breaker-distributor noma inzwa yokusabalalisa, isistimu yokubasa izosebenza ngokuzethemba nangokwethembeka kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza zenjini.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-10-2023