Moteri nyinshi zigezweho ziracyakoresha gahunda yo gukwirakwiza gaze hamwe na drives ikoresha amaboko ya rocker.Intwaro za rocker zashyizwe kumurongo udasanzwe - umurongo.Soma ibyerekeranye nigitero cyamaboko ya rocker icyo aricyo, uko ikora nigikorwa, kimwe no guhitamo no kuyisimbuza ingingo.
Ikiganza cya rocker ni iki?
Intoki ya rocker ni igice cyuburyo bwo gukwirakwiza gaze yo gusubiza moteri yaka imbere hamwe na valve yo hejuru;Inkoni yubusa ifata amaboko ya rocker ya valve nibice bifitanye isano nuburyo bwa valve.
Intoki ya rocker ikora imirimo myinshi:
• Guhitamo neza amaboko ya rocker ugereranije na tappets ya camshaft / cams na valve;
• Gusiga amavuta hejuru yintwaro zamabuye ya rocker hamwe nibitwara, gutanga amavuta mubindi bikoresho byo gukwirakwiza gaze;
• Kugumana amaboko ya rocker, amasoko yabo nibindi bice (umutambiko ukora nkibintu bitwara imbaraga).
Nukuvuga ko umurongo wibikoresho bya rocker aribintu nyamukuru bitwara imitwaro kubice byinshi byigihe (amaboko ya rocker, amasoko nibindi bimwe) numwe mumurongo wingenzi wamavuta ya sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta.Iki gice gikoreshwa gusa kuri moteri yo hejuru ya moteri hamwe na valve yigihe cyubwoko butandukanye:
- Hamwe na camshaft yo hepfo, hamwe nibikorwa bya valve ukoresheje tape, inkoni n'amaboko ya rocker;
- Hamwe na camshaft yo hejuru (ibisanzwe cyangwa bitandukanye kuri buri murongo wa valve), hamwe nibikorwa bya valve ukoresheje amaboko ya rocker;
- Hamwe na camshaft yo hejuru, hamwe na valve zanyuze mumashanyarazi.
Muri moteri zigezweho hamwe na valve itaziguye ivuye muri camshaft cams, amaboko ya rocker nibindi bice bifitanye isano ntibihari.
Intoki ya rocker ifite uruhare runini mumikorere ya moteri, ikemeza imikorere isanzwe yuburyo bwayo bwa valve.Umutambiko utagira inenge cyangwa ufite inenge ugomba gusimburwa vuba bishoboka, kandi kugirango uhitemo neza iki gice, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubwoko bwimitambiko ihari, ibishushanyo byayo nibiranga.
Nyamuneka menya neza: uyumunsi mubitabo byubucuruzi nubucuruzi, ijambo "rocker arm axis" rikoreshwa mubisobanuro bibiri - nkigice gitandukanye, umuyoboro wuzuye urimo amaboko ya rocker, amasoko nibindi bice, kandi nkumutwe wuzuye hamwe bimaze gushyirwaho inkunga, amaboko ya rocker n'amasoko.Mugihe kizaza, tuzavuga kubyerekeye amashoka yintwaro za rocker muribi byumviro byombi.
Ubwoko, igishushanyo nuburyo bwa rocker arm axe
Axles igabanijwemo ubwoko bwinshi ukurikije umubare wintwaro za rocker zashyizweho kandi ukurikije ibishushanyo mbonera.
Ukurikije umubare wamaboko ya rocker yashyizweho, imitambiko ni:
• Solo;
• Itsinda.
Umutambiko ku giti cye ni igice gitwara ukuboko kumwe gusa hamwe no gufatisha (gutera akabariro cyangwa ibinyomoro).Intoki z'umuntu ku giti cye zikoreshwa, nk'itegeko, muri moteri ifite indangagaciro ebyiri kuri silinderi, bityo umubare w'imitambiko muri yo ukaba wikubye kabiri nka silinderi.Imirongo nkiyi ikorerwa icyarimwe hamwe na rack, nuko igashyirwa kumutwe wa silinderi idafite ibice byinyongera, imiterere yose iroroshye kandi yoroshye.Nyamara, umurongo wihariye wamaboko ya rocker ntushobora gusanwa mugihe habaye imikorere mibi, ihindura inteko.
Axle hamwe ninteko yintwaro
Itsinda ryitsinda nigice gitwara amaboko menshi ya rocker hamwe nibice bifitanye isano (amasoko, gukaraba, pin).Kuva kuri 2 kugeza 12 amaboko ya rocker arashobora kuba kumurongo umwe, ukurikije igishushanyo cya moteri n'umubare wa silinderi.Noneho, kuri moteri ifite imitwe itandukanye ya silinderi, imitambiko ifite amaboko abiri ya rocker ikoreshwa kuri buri silinderi, kuri moteri zigera kuri 6 zifite moteri ya silinderi zitandukanye kuri silindari eshatu, imitwe ibiri ifite amaboko atandatu ya rocker ikoreshwa kumurongo wa 4, 5 na Moteri ya 6-silinderi, imitambiko ifite amaboko 8, 10 na 12 ya rocker, uko bikurikirana, nibindi. cyangwa 4. Moteri ifite valve ebyiri kuri silinderi ikoresha imitwe imwe cyangwa ibiri (mugihe cyumutwe wa silinderi itandukanye), moteri ifite indangagaciro enye kuri silinderi ikoresha imitwe ibiri cyangwa ine.Umubare wimitambiko muri moteri ifite imitwe ya silinderi kugiti cye ihuye numubare wimitwe.
Itsinda amashoka yintoki za rocker ziroroshye.Bashingiye ku murongo ubwawo - uruziga rw'icyuma runyuze mu muyoboro muremure ndetse n'umwobo utambitse ukurikije umubare w'intwaro za rocker zashyizweho.Imyobo ikabije ikoreshwa muburyo bwo gukosora imitambiko hamwe na cotter pin hamwe no gukaraba.Kubera ko umutambiko ukorerwa imitwaro myinshi, ikozwe mubyiciro byihariye byibyuma, kandi hejuru yacyo hiyongereyeho imiti-yubushyuhe nubushyuhe (carburisation, gukomera) kugirango byongere imbaraga, kurwanya kwambara nizindi ngaruka mbi.
Amaboko ya rocker ashyirwa kumurongo unyuze mu gihuru (ibiti bisanzwe bikozwe mu muringa cyangwa ibindi bikoresho), ibinono n'imiyoboro bikozwe mu gihuru kugirango bitange amavuta ava mu ntoki ku ntoki za rocker.Intoki zamaboko ya rocker zishyirwaho hakoreshejwe amasoko ya silindrike ya spacer yambarwa kumurongo.Umutambiko ushyirwa kumutwe wa silinderi ukoresheje urukurikirane rw'ibice - bibiri bikabije kandi byinshi nyamukuru (hagati) biri hagati yamaboko ya rocker.Umutambiko urashobora gushirwa mubice byubusa cyangwa ukabishyiramo.Imashini ya rocker ya moteri enye ya moteri irashobora gushirwa kumurongo wimpanga, byemeza neza neza ibice byigihe.Ku buso bwo hepfo ya racks hari pin zo gushira hamwe nu mwobo wa sitidiyo / bolts yo gufunga.
Gutanga amavuta kumurongo wamaboko ya rocker birashobora gukorwa muburyo bubiri:
• Binyuze muri kimwe mu bikoresho;
• Binyuze mu muyoboro utandukanye.
Mugihe cyambere, imwe mumurongo ukabije cyangwa rwagati ifite umuyoboro unyuramo amavuta ava mumitwe ya silinderi ihuye yerekeza kumurongo wa rocker.Mugihe cya kabiri, umuyoboro wicyuma uhujwe numuyoboro wamavuta mumutwe wa silinderi utangwa kuva kumpera imwe kugeza kumurongo wamaboko ya rocker.
Muri rusange, imitwe yintwaro ya rocker yubwoko bwose ifite igishushanyo cyoroshye, nuko rero cyizewe kandi kiramba, nubwo ibi bice bishobora kunanirwa - muriki gihe, bigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa.
Igishushanyo cyamaboko ya rocker hamwe na peteroli itanga inkingi yo hagati
Ibibazo byo guhitamo, gusana no gusimbuza amaboko ya rocker
Kimwe nibindi bice byinshi, intoki za rocker akenshi zakozwe kugiti cyihariye cyurugero rwihariye cyangwa no guhindura moteri, ishyiraho imipaka kubihitamo byibi bice.Kubwibyo, kugirango bisimburwe, birakenewe guhitamo gusa iyo axe isabwa nuwakoze moteri ubwayo - bityo rero haremeza ko ibice bishya bizagwa kandi bigakora bisanzwe.
Bitandukanye, twakagombye kumenya ko no guhindura moteri imwe akenshi iba ifite ibikoresho byamaboko ya rocker bitandukanye mubishushanyo mbonera.Kurugero, ibice bimwe byingufu zo murugo kuri lisansi yibirango bitandukanye bifite imitwe ya silinderi idahuye mubishushanyo no mubipimo, kubwibyo, amashoka yintoki ya rocker arashobora gutandukana (afite ibikoresho byuburebure butandukanye, amaboko ya rocker, nibindi).Ibi bigomba kwitabwaho mugihe ugura ibikoresho byabigenewe no gusana.
Ukuboko kwamaboko ya rocker kugomba gusenywa no gushyirwaho gusa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana no gufata neza imodoka.Ikigaragara ni uko kubikorwa bisanzwe bya axle no gukumira gusenyuka, ibifunga (bolts cyangwa sitidiyo ya sitidiyo) bigomba gukomera muburyo bukwiye kandi nimbaraga runaka.Kandi nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, ni ngombwa guhindura itandukaniro ryubushyuhe hagati yamaboko ya rocker na valve.
Mugihe cyimikorere yimodoka, umutambiko wamaboko ya rocker ntusaba kubungabungwa bidasanzwe, birakenewe gusa ukurikije amabwiriza yo kugenzura intera ya bolts / nuts no kugenzura ibice byumutwe kugirango ube inyangamugayo.Kubungabunga buri gihe no gukoresha neza ibinyabiziga byemeza imikorere yizewe ya rocker arm axe hamwe nigihe muri rusange muburyo bwa moteri ikora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2023