Ii-injini ezininzi zanamhlanje zisasebenzisa izikimu zokuhambisa igesi kunye nevalve drives usebenzisa iingalo zerocker.Iingalo ze-Rocker zifakwe kwindawo ekhethekileyo - i-axis.Funda malunga nokuba yintoni i-axis ye-rocker arm, isebenza njani kwaye isebenza njani, kunye nokukhetha kwayo kunye nokutshintshwa kwinqaku.
Yintoni umgca wengalo yerocker?
I-axis yengalo ye-rocker yinxalenye yendlela yokusasazwa kwegesi yokubuyisela iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi kunye neevalve eziphezulu;Intonga engumgongxo ebambe iingalo zerocker yeevalvu kunye neendawo ezinxulumene nomatshini wevalve.
I-rocker arm axis yenza imisebenzi emininzi:
• Ukubekwa ngokuchanekileyo kweengalo zerocker xa kuthelekiswa neetapethi zecamshaft/iikham kunye neevalvu;
• Ukuthanjiswa komphezulu wokungqubana kweengalo zerocker kunye neebheringi zazo, ubonelelo lwe-oyile kwezinye izinto zendlela yokuhambisa irhasi;
• Ukugcinwa kweengalo zerocker, imithombo yazo kunye namanye amalungu (i-asi isebenza njengesixhobo esithwala amandla).
Oko kukuthi, i-axis yengalo ye-rocker yeyona nto iphambili yokuthwala umthwalo kwinani leengalo zexesha (iingalo zerocker, imithombo kunye nabanye) kunye nenye yeendlela eziphambili zeoyile yenkqubo edibeneyo yokuthambisa injini.Eli candelo lisetyenziswa kuphela kwii-injini zevalve ezingaphezulu ezine-valve yexesha leentlobo ezahlukeneyo:
- Nge-camshaft esezantsi, kunye nokusebenza kweevalve ngokusebenzisa ii-tappets, iintonga kunye neengalo ze-rocker;
- Nge-camshaft engaphezulu (i-shafts eqhelekileyo okanye eyahlukileyo kumqolo ngamnye weevalvu), kunye nokusebenza kweevalve ngeengalo ze-rocker;
- Nge-camshaft engaphezulu, eneevalvu eziqhutywa nge-lever pusher.
Kwii-injini zanamhlanje ezine-valve drive ngqo ukusuka kwi-camshaft cams, iingalo ze-rocker kunye neendawo ezinxulumene nazo azikho.
I-axis yengalo ye-rocker idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwe-injini, iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwendlela yokulinganisa ixesha levalvu.I-axle ephosakeleyo okanye ephosakeleyo idinga ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuze wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwale nxalenye, kufuneka uqonde iintlobo ezikhoyo zee-axles, ukuyila kwazo kunye neempawu.
Nceda uqaphele: namhlanje kwiincwadi kunye namashishini orhwebo, igama elithi "rocker arm axis" lisetyenziswe kwiintsingiselo ezimbini - njengenxalenye eyahlukileyo, ityhubhu engenanto apho iingalo zerocker, imithombo kunye nezinye iindawo zibanjwe, kwaye njenge-axle epheleleyo. sele zifakelwe izixhaso, iingalo zerocker kunye nemithombo.Kwixesha elizayo, siza kuthetha ngee-axes ze-rocker arms kuzo zombini ezi mvakalelo.
Iintlobo, uyilo kunye nokucwangciswa kwee-axes zengalo ye-rocker
Ii-axles zahlulwe zaba ziindidi ezininzi ngokwenani leengalo zerocker ezifakiweyo kwaye ngokwezinye izinto zoyilo.
Ngokwenani leengalo zerocker ezifakiweyo, ii-axles zezi:
• Eyedwa;
• Iqela.
Iasi enye yinxalenye ephethe ingalo yerocker enye kuphela kunye neziqhoboshi (i-thrust washer okanye i-nut).I-axles ye-rocker-arm ye-rocker isetyenzisiweyo, njengomthetho, kwii-injini ezine-valve ezimbini nge-cylinder, ngoko ke inani le-axles kuzo liphindwe kabini likhulu kuneesilinda.I-axis enjalo yenziwe ngexesha elifanayo kunye ne-rack, ngoko ifakwe kwintloko ye-cylinder ngaphandle kweengxenye ezongezelelweyo, isakhiwo sonke silula kwaye silula.Nangona kunjalo, i-axis nganye yeengalo ze-rocker ayikwazi ukulungiswa xa kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle, itshintsha nje indibano.
I-axle enezixhobo zerocker
I-axle yeqela yinxalenye ephethe iingalo zerocker ezininzi kunye namalungu anxulumeneyo (imithombo, iiwasha zethrust, izikhonkwane).Ukusuka kwi-2 ukuya kwi-12 iingalo ze-rocker zinokubekwa kwi-asi enye, kuxhomekeke kuyilo lwenjini kunye nenani leesilinda.Ke, kwii-injini ezineentloko ze-cylinder ezahlukileyo, ii-asi ezineengalo ezimbini ze-rocker zisetyenziselwa isilinda ngasinye, kwezinye ii-injini ezi-6-cylinder ezineentloko ze-cylinder ezihlukeneyo kwiisilinda ezintathu, ii-axles ezimbini ezineengalo ezi-rocker zisetyenziswa kumgca 4, 5 kunye. Ii-injini ze-6-cylinder, i-axles ene-8, i-10 kunye ne-12 iingalo ze-rocker, ngokulandelelana, njl. Inani leengalo ze-rocker zeqela kumgca omnye we-injini okanye i-V enentloko enye ye-cylinder kwinani leesilinda ingaba yi-1, 2 okanye 4. Iimotor ezinezivalo ezimbini nge-cylinder nganye zisebenzisa i-axle enye okanye ezimbini (kwimeko yentloko ye-cylinder eyahlukileyo), ii-motor ezine-valve ezine nge-cylinder nganye zisebenzisa i-axles ezimbini okanye ezine.Inani lee-asi kwiinjini ezineentloko ze-cylinder nganye zihambelana nenani leentloko.
Iingalo zeqela le-rocker zilula.Zisekelwe kwi-axis ngokwayo - i-shaft yensimbi ene-channel ye-longitudinal kunye nenani lemingxuma enqamlezayo ngokwenani leengalo ze-rocker ezifakiwe.Imingxuma enqamlezileyo egqithisileyo idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-axle kwiiracks kunye nezikhonkwane zecotter kunye ne-thrust washers.Ekubeni i-axle ixhomekeke kwimithwalo ephezulu, yenziwe ngamabakala akhethekileyo ensimbi, kwaye ubuso bayo bongezelelwe phantsi kwekhemikhali-thermal kunye nonyango lokushisa (i-carburization, ukuqina) ukunyusa amandla, ukuchasana nokugqoka kunye nezinye iimpembelelo ezimbi.
Iingalo ze-Rocker zixhonywe kwi-axle ngokusebenzisa i-bushings (ii-bearings ezicacileyo ezenziwe nge-bronze okanye ezinye izinto), ii-grooves kunye nemijelo zenziwe kwi-bushings yokubonelela ioli ukusuka kwi-axle ukuya kwiingalo ze-rocker.Izibini zeengalo zerocker zibekwe nge-spacer cylindrical springs ezinxitywa kwi-asi.I-axle ifakwe kwintloko ye-cylinder isebenzisa uluhlu lwee-racks - ezimbini ezigqithiseleyo kunye ezininzi eziphambili (eziphakathi) ezibekwe phakathi kweengalo ze-rocker.I-axle inokufakwa kwii-racks ngokukhululekileyo okanye icinezelwe kuzo.Ii-axles zengalo yerocker yee-injini ezine-valve zinokuxhonywa kwi-twin struts, eziqinisekisa ukumi kakuhle kwamalungu exesha.Kwiindawo ezisezantsi zee-racks kukho izikhonkwane zokubeka iziko kunye nemingxuma ye-studs / iibholiti zokuqinisa.
Ubonelelo lweoyile kwi-axle yengalo yerocker inokuqhutywa ngeendlela ezimbini:
• Ngenye yeerekhi;
• Ngetyhubhu yokubonelela eyahlukileyo.
Kwimeko yokuqala, enye ye-struts egqithisileyo okanye ephakathi inomjelo apho ioli ihamba khona ukusuka kumjelo wentloko ye-cylinder ehambelanayo ukuya kwi-rocker arm axis.Kwimeko yesibini, ityhubhu yensimbi exhunywe kumjelo weoli kwintloko ye-cylinder inikezelwa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwi-axis yeengalo ze-rocker.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-axles yeengalo ze-rocker yazo zonke iintlobo zinoyilo olulula, kwaye ngoko ke zithembeke kwaye zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala zihlala.
Uyilo lwe-axis yengalo ye-rocker kunye nonikezelo lweoyile kwintsika esembindini
Imiba yokukhetha, ukulungiswa kunye nokutshintshwa kwee-axes ze-rocker arm
Njengamanye amacandelo amaninzi, ii-ax ze-rocker arm zihlala ziyilwe ngokwahlukeneyo kuluhlu oluthile lwemodeli okanye ukuguqulwa kwe-injini, ebeka izithintelo ekukhethweni kwezi ndawo.Ngoko ke, ukutshintshwa, kufuneka ukhethe kuphela ezo zi-axles ezicetyiswa ngumenzi we-injini ngokwayo - ngoko kukho iziqinisekiso zokuba iindawo ezintsha ziya kuwela kwaye zisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iinguqu ezahlukeneyo zemoto enye zihlala zixhotyiswe ngee-axes zengalo zerocker ezahlukileyo kuyilo kunye neempawu.Ngokomzekelo, ezinye iiyunithi zamandla zasekhaya zepetroli yeempawu ezahlukeneyo zixhotyiswe ngeentloko ze-cylinder ezingafaniyo kuyilo kunye nobukhulu, ngoko ke, ii-axs zabo zengalo ze-rocker zinokwahluka (zixhotyiswe ngeerakhi eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo, iingalo ze-rocker, njl.).Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kuthengwa iindawo ezisecaleni kunye nokulungiswa.
I-axle ye-rocker arm kufuneka ichithwe kwaye ifakwe kuphela ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungiswa nokugcinwa kwesithuthi.Inyaniso kukuba ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwe-axle kunye nokuthintela ukuphuka, i-fasteners yayo (i-bolts okanye i-stud nuts) kufuneka iqiniswe ngokulandelelana okuchanekileyo kunye nomzamo othile.Kwaye emva kofakelo, kunyanzelekile ukulungelelanisa i-gap yeqondo lokushisa phakathi kweengalo ze-rocker kunye neevalvu.
Ngexesha lokusebenza kwemoto, i-axle ye-rocker arm ayifuni ukugcinwa okukhethekileyo, kuyimfuneko kuphela ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokujonga ukuphazamiseka kweebholiti / amantongomane kunye nokuhlola iinxalenye ze-axle zokunyaniseka kwazo.Ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwesithuthi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwe-axle yengalo ye-rocker kunye nexesha lilonke kuzo zonke iindlela zokusebenza ze-injini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-05-2023