Don jin daɗi da kulawar watsawa a kan motocin zamani, ana amfani da injin clutch na hydraulic, ɗayan manyan ayyukan da babban silinda ke takawa.Karanta game da clutch master cylinder, nau'in sa, ƙira da aiki, zaɓin da ya dace da sauyawa a cikin wannan labarin.
Menene clutch master cylinder?
Clutch Master Silinda (GVC) - naúrar tuƙi na hydraulic don kunnawa da kashe kamawar watsawa da hannu (watsawa ta hannu);Silinda mai amfani da ruwa wanda ke juyar da ƙarfi daga ƙafar direba zuwa matsewar ruwan aiki a cikin kewayen tuƙi.
GVC yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke cikin injin clutch actuator.Silinda maigidan da bawa, wanda aka haɗa ta bututun ƙarfe, suna samar da da'irar hatimi na injin hydraulic, tare da taimakon abin da aka kashe kama da hannu.Ana shigar da GVC kai tsaye a bayan feda na kama kuma an haɗa shi da sanda (pusher), silinda bawa yana ɗora akan gidan kama (ƙararar) kuma an haɗa shi da sanda (mai turawa) zuwa cokali mai yatsa mai kama.
Babban Silinda yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin watsawa, lokacin da ya lalace, tuki abin hawa ya zama da wahala ko gaba ɗaya ba zai yiwu ba.Amma don yin sayan sabon silinda, yana da muhimmanci a fahimci zane da siffofi na wannan tsari.
Nau'in clutch master cylinders
Duk GCPs suna da ƙira iri ɗaya da ƙa'idar aiki, amma an raba su zuwa nau'ikan iri daban-daban bisa ga wuri da ƙirar tanki tare da ruwan aiki, adadin pistons da ƙirar jikin gabaɗaya.
Dangane da wurin da kuma zane na tanki, silinda sune:
● Tare da tafki mai haɗaka don ruwa mai aiki da tanki mai nisa;
● Tare da tanki mai nisa;
● Tare da tanki dake jikin silinda.
| Clutch master cylinder tare da hadedde tafki | Clutch master cylinder tare da tafki mai nisa | Clutch master cylinder tare da tafki da aka ɗora a jiki |
Nau'in farko na GCS ƙira ce da ta wuce wacce ba kasafai ake amfani da ita a yau ba.Ana shigar da irin wannan tsarin a tsaye ko a wani kusurwa, a cikin sashinsa na sama akwai tanki mai ruwa mai aiki, wanda aka cika shi daga tanki mai nisa.Silinda na nau'ikan na biyu da na uku sun riga sun fi na'urori na zamani, a cikin ɗayan su tankin yana da nisa kuma yana haɗa shi da silinda ta hanyar bututu, ɗayan kuma tankin yana hawa kai tsaye a jikin Silinda.
Dangane da adadin pistons na GCS, akwai:
● Tare da fistan daya;
● Tare da pistons guda biyu.
| Single-piston clutch master cylinder | Clutch master cylinder tare da pistons biyu |
A cikin shari'ar farko, an haɗa mai turawa zuwa piston guda ɗaya, don haka ƙarfin daga fedar kama ana watsa shi kai tsaye zuwa ruwan aiki.A cikin akwati na biyu, an haɗa mai turawa zuwa fistan matsakaici, wanda ke aiki akan babban fistan sannan kuma akan ruwan aiki.
A ƙarshe, GCAs na iya samun nau'ikan ƙira iri-iri, misali - akan wasu motoci, ana yin wannan na'urar a cikin akwati ɗaya tare da babban silinda na birki, kuma ana iya kasancewa a tsaye, a kwance ko a wani kusurwa, da sauransu.
Zane da ka'idar aiki na clutch master cylinders
Misalin zane na tuƙi mai kama da ruwa mai ƙarfi
Mafi sauki shine tsarin GCS tare da cire tanki kuma an sanya shi a jiki.Tushen na'urar simintin simintin gyare-gyaren simintin gyare-gyare ne, wanda akan sanya idanu don hawa kusoshi da sauran sassa.A gefe ɗaya, jikin yana rufe tare da filogi mai zare ko filogi tare da abin da ya dace don haɗawa da bututun.Idan an rufe jiki tare da toshe makafi, to, dacewa yana samuwa a gefen gefen silinda.
A tsakiyar ɓangaren silinda, akwai dacewa don haɗawa da tanki ta hanyar bututu ko wurin zama don shigar da tanki kai tsaye a jiki.Ƙarƙashin dacewa ko a cikin wurin zama a cikin gidaje na Silinda, ana yin ramuka biyu: ramuwa (mashiga) ramin ƙananan diamita da rami mai zurfi na ƙara diamita.An jera ramukan ta yadda idan aka saki fedar clutch, ramin diyya yana gaban fistan (daga gefen da’irar tuƙi), kuma ramin kewayawa yana bayan fistan.
Ana shigar da fistan a cikin rami na jiki, a gefe guda kuma akwai mai turawa da ke da alaƙa da fedar clutch.Ƙarshen jiki a gefen mai turawa an rufe shi da ƙugiya mai kariya ta roba.Lokacin da feda ɗin kama ya ɓace, piston yana juyawa zuwa matsananciyar matsayi ta hanyar dawowar bazara dake cikin silinda.GCAs-piston guda biyu suna amfani da pistons guda biyu suna ɗaya bayan ɗaya, tsakanin pistons akwai O-ring (cuff).Yin amfani da pistons guda biyu yana inganta haɓakar da'irar clutch drive kuma yana ƙara amincin tsarin duka.
Sanda.Wannan shine tushen haɗin haɗin da ke haɗa kawunansu kuma yana tabbatar da canja wurin ƙarfi daga shugaban piston zuwa crank.Tsawon sanda yana ƙayyade tsayin pistons da bugun jini, da kuma tsayin injin gaba ɗaya.Don cimma rigidity da ake buƙata, ana haɗe bayanan martaba daban-daban zuwa sanduna:
● I-beam tare da tsari na shelves perpendicular ko a layi daya zuwa ga gatari na shugabannin;
● Cruciform.
Mafi sau da yawa, sanda yana ba da bayanin martaba na I-beam tare da tsari na tsaye na shelves (a dama da hagu, idan kun kalli sandar haɗawa tare da gatari na kawunansu), ana amfani da sauran bayanan martaba akai-akai.
Ana haƙa tashoshi a cikin sandar don samar da mai daga ƙasa zuwa kai na sama, a cikin wasu sandunan haɗin gwiwa ana yin lanƙwasa ta tsakiya daga tashar tsakiya don fesa mai a bangon Silinda da sauran sassa.A kan sandunan I-beam, maimakon tashar da aka haƙa, ana iya amfani da bututun samar da mai na ƙarfe da aka haɗa da sandar tare da maƙallan ƙarfe.
Yawancin lokaci, sandar an yi alama da alama don shigarwa daidai na ɓangaren.
Piston kafa.An sassaƙa rami a kai, wanda aka danne hannun tagulla a cikinsa, wanda ke taka rawar gani a fili.An shigar da fil ɗin piston a cikin hannun riga tare da ƙaramin tazari.Don sa mai firgita saman fil ɗin da hannun riga, ana yin rami a cikin ƙarshen don tabbatar da kwararar mai daga tashar a cikin sandar haɗi.
Crank kai.Wannan shugaban yana iya cirewa, ƙananan ɓangarensa an yi shi a cikin nau'i na murfin cirewa wanda aka ɗora akan sandar haɗi.Mai haɗin haɗin zai iya zama:
● Madaidaici - jirgin sama na mai haɗawa yana a kusurwoyi madaidaici zuwa sanda;
● Oblique - an yi jirgin saman mai haɗawa a wani kusurwa.
| Sanda mai haɗawa tare da madaidaiciyar mahaɗin murfin | Sanda mai haɗawa tare da mai haɗin murfi na tilas |
Irin waɗannan silinda suna aiki kamar haka.Lokacin da aka saki feda na kama, piston yana cikin matsananciyar matsayi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar yanayin dawowar bazara kuma ana kiyaye matsa lamba na yanayi a cikin da'irar clutch drive (tun lokacin da aka haɗa rami mai aiki na Silinda zuwa tafki ta hanyar ramin ramuwa).Lokacin da aka danna fedal ɗin kama, fistan yana motsawa ƙarƙashin rinjayar ƙarfin ƙafa kuma yana ƙoƙarin damfara ruwan da ke cikin kewayar tuƙi.Lokacin da piston ya motsa, ramin ramuwa yana rufe kuma matsa lamba a cikin da'irar tuƙi yana ƙaruwa.A lokaci guda, ruwa yana gudana ta hanyar tashar wucewa a bayan gefen baya na piston.Saboda karuwar matsa lamba a cikin da'irar, piston na Silinda mai aiki yana motsawa kuma yana motsa cokali mai yatsa, wanda ke tura jigilar sakin - clutch din ya rabu, zaka iya canza kaya.
A lokacin da aka saki fedal, piston a cikin GVC ya koma matsayinsa na asali, matsa lamba a cikin kewayawa ya ragu kuma an kama kama.Lokacin da aka dawo da piston, ruwan aiki da ya tara a bayansa yana matse ta hanyar tashar wucewa, wanda ke haifar da raguwa a cikin motsi na piston - wannan yana tabbatar da haɗin gwiwar kama da dawo da tsarin gaba ɗaya zuwa asalinsa. jihar
Idan akwai zubar da ruwa mai aiki a cikin kewaye (wanda ba makawa ne saboda rashin isasshen haɗin gwiwa, lalacewar hatimi, da dai sauransu), to, adadin da ake buƙata na ruwa ya fito daga tanki ta hanyar ramin ramuwa.Har ila yau, wannan rami yana tabbatar da dawwama na ƙarar ruwan aiki a cikin tsarin lokacin da yanayin zafi ya canza.
Zane da aiki na silinda tare da hadedde tafki don ruwan aiki ya ɗan bambanta da wanda aka kwatanta a sama.Tushen wannan GVC jikin simintin gyare-gyare ne wanda aka ɗora a tsaye ko a kusurwa.A cikin sashin jiki na sama akwai tafki na ruwa mai aiki, a ƙarƙashin tanki akwai wani silinda mai ɗauke da piston da aka ɗora a bazara, kuma mai turawa da ke da alaƙa da fedar clutch yana wucewa ta cikin tanki.A jikin bangon tanki ana iya samun filogi don ɗaukar ruwan aiki ko abin da ya dace don haɗawa da tanki mai nisa.
Piston a cikin babba yana da hutu, rami mai ƙananan diamita yana hakowa tare da piston.An shigar da mai turawa a sama da rami, a cikin yanayin da aka janye akwai rata tsakanin su ta hanyar da ruwan aiki ya shiga cikin Silinda.
Irin wannan GVC yana aiki cikin sauƙi.Lokacin da aka saki feda na kama, ana ganin matsa lamba na yanayi a cikin da'irar hydraulic, clutch yana aiki.A lokacin da ake danna fedal, mai turawa ya motsa ƙasa, ya rufe ramin da ke cikin fistan, ya rufe tsarin, kuma ya tura piston ƙasa - matsin lamba a cikin kewaye yana tashi, kuma silinda mai aiki yana kunna cokali mai yatsa.Lokacin da aka saki fedal, ana aiwatar da matakan da aka kwatanta ta hanyar juyawa.Leaks na ruwan aiki da canje-canje a cikin ƙarar sa saboda dumama ana samun diyya ta rami a cikin fistan.
Zaɓin da ya dace, gyarawa da maye gurbin GVCs
A lokacin aikin motar, GCC yana fuskantar manyan lodi, wanda ke haifar da lalacewa sannu-sannu na sassa daban-daban, musamman piston cuffs (pistons) da hatimin roba.Wear daga cikin wadannan aka gyara yana bayyana ta leaks na aiki ruwa da kuma tabarbarewar kama (feda dips, bukatar matsi da feda sau da yawa, da dai sauransu.).An warware matsalar ta hanyar maye gurbin sassan da aka sawa - don wannan kuna buƙatar siyan kayan gyaran gyare-gyare kuma kuyi aiki mai sauƙi.Ragewa, rarrabawa, maye gurbin sassa da shigarwa na silinda ya kamata a aiwatar da su daidai da umarnin don gyarawa da kula da abin hawa.
A wasu lokuta, akwai m malfunctions na kama master Silinda - fasa, karaya daga cikin gidaje, karya kayan aiki, da dai sauransu Don maye gurbin, kana bukatar ka zabi wani Silinda na iri daya da kasida lambar da aka shigar a kan mota a baya. , in ba haka ba za a iya shigar da Silinda kwata-kwata, ko kuma kama ba zai yi aiki daidai ba.
Bayan shigar da sabon GVC, ya zama dole don daidaita kama daidai da shawarwarin umarnin.Yawancin lokaci, ana yin gyare-gyare ta hanyar canza tsawon sandar (ta amfani da goro mai dacewa) na feda da matsayi na piston pusher, gyare-gyaren dole ne a saita shi ta hanyar bugun bugun kullun da aka ba da shawarar ta hanyar motar mota (25). -45 mm don motoci daban-daban).A nan gaba, wajibi ne a sake cika matakin ruwa a cikin tanki da kuma kula da bayyanar leaks a cikin tsarin.Tare da daidaitawa mai dacewa da kulawa na yau da kullum, GVCs da dukan kullun kama za su ba da ƙarfin watsawa a duk yanayi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-05-2023