Imodoka nyinshi zinyuma ninyuma yimodoka zose zifite agasanduku gahindura kandi gahindura umuriro.Ishimikiro rya bokisi ya bokisi ni joriji ebyiri - soma ibyerekeye ubwo buryo, ubwoko bwabyo, igishushanyo mbonera n'imikorere, kimwe no guhitamo kwabo no kubisimbuza, mu ngingo.
Ihuriro rimwe ni iki?
Ihuriro rya bevel ni ubwoko bwo kohereza ibikoresho byimodoka nibindi bikoresho, bigizwe nibikoresho bibiri bya bevel, amashoka yabyo ari kumurongo (mubisanzwe ugororotse) kuri mugenzi we.
Mu kohereza ibinyabiziga, ibimashini n'imashini, kimwe no mu bikoresho bitandukanye, akenshi usanga hakenewe guhindura icyerekezo cy'umuriro.Kurugero, mumodoka yinyuma yimodoka yinyuma, itara ryanyujijwe mumashanyarazi ni perpendicular kuri axe axe, kandi iyi migezi igomba kuzunguruka dogere 90 kugirango itware ibiziga.Muri traktori ya MTZ ifite ibiziga byimbere, icyerekezo cyumuriro wa torque kigomba guhindurwa dogere 90 inshuro eshatu, kubera ko imitambiko yiziga iri munsi yigitereko cyumurongo wamurongo.Kandi mubice byinshi, imashini nibikoresho, umuvuduko wa torque ugomba kuzunguruka muburyo butandukanye inshuro nyinshi.Muri ibi bihe byose, gari ya moshi idasanzwe ishingiye ku bikoresho bibiri bya bevel ikoreshwa - couple ya bevel.
Ihuriro rimwe rifite imirimo ibiri yingenzi:
- Guhinduranya kwa torque itemba kuruhande runaka (akenshi dogere 90);
- Guhindura ingano ya torque.
Ikibazo cya mbere cyakemuwe nigishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bya joriji, amashoka yabyo ari muruhande rumwe.Kandi ikibazo cya kabiri gikemurwa hakoreshejwe ibyuma bifite amenyo atandukanye, nkigisubizo cya gari ya moshi ifite igipimo cyihariye.
Byombi bigira uruhare runini mumikorere yuburyo bwinshi bwo kohereza hamwe nubundi buryo, niba kimwe cyangwa byombi bishaje cyangwa bimenetse, byombi bigomba gusimburwa.Ariko mbere yo kugura ibishya bishya, ugomba kumva igishushanyo cyubu buryo, ubwoko buriho, ibiranga nibikorwa byakazi.
Ubwoko nigishushanyo mbonera
Igice cyose cya bevel kigizwe nibikoresho bibiri bifite ishusho ya beveri yubuso bwambere, hamwe no guhuza amashoka.Nukuvuga, ibikoresho byabashakanye bifite imiterere ya bevel, kandi biherereye iburyo cyangwa butandukanye kuri buriwese.
Byombi byombi bitandukana muburyo bw'amenyo no gutondekanya ibikoresho ugereranije.
Twabibutsa ko ibikoresho bya bevel couple, bitewe nintego, bifite izina ryabo:
Drive Ikinyabiziga ni cogwheel gusa;
Umucakara ni ibikoresho.
Ukurikije imiterere y amenyo, ibice bibiri ni:
● N'amenyo agororotse;
● N'amenyo yagoramye;
● N'amenyo azenguruka;
● Hamwe namenyo ya tangential (oblique).
Ibikoresho bifite amenyo agororotse nibyo byoroshye mugushushanya - byaciwe ugereranije na axe yiziga.Amenyo azenguruka araruhije, yaciwe azengurutse umuzenguruko wa diameter.Amenyo ya Tangential (cyangwa oblique) asa n amenyo agororotse, ariko, yatandukanijwe kuva kuri axe.Igikomeye cyane ni amenyo ya curvilinear, ubumuga bwashyizweho nuburyo butandukanye (imikorere).Ubwoko butandukanye muburyo bw'amenyo y'ibikoresho bya bevel bisobanurwa no gutandukanya ubushobozi bwimitwaro ya gare n urusaku rwabo.Ibikoresho bifite amenyo agororotse bihanganira imitwaro mike, nabyo ni urusaku rwinshi.Ibikoresho by'amenyo ya Oblique ntabwo ari urusaku kandi bikagenda neza.Kandi imitwaro minini irashobora kwihanganira ibyuma bifite amenyo yagoramye kandi azengurutse, nabyo ni urusaku ruto.
Ukurikije umwanya ugereranije nibikoresho, byombi bigabanijwe mumatsinda abiri manini:
● Ibisanzwe, hamwe na vertike ihurira yubuso bwambere bwibikoresho (nukuvuga, niba utekereza ibyuma muburyo bwa cones, noneho vertike zabo zizahurira kumwanya umwe);
Hypoid, hamwe na vertices yimuwe yubuso bwambere bwibikoresho.
Byumvikanajyana n'amenyo azungurukaHypoid conical couple hamwe namenyo yagoramye
Mugihe cyambere, amashoka yibikoresho biri mumurongo umwe, mukwa kabiri - muri imwe mu ndege, amashoka arazimya.Ibikoresho bya Hypoid birashobora kuba bigizwe gusa nibikoresho bya bevel bifite amenyo maremare cyangwa agoramye, bifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu byinshi kandi bikora hafi bucece.
Ibikoresho bya bevel birashobora gukorwa icyarimwe hamwe nigiti cyangwa bitandukanye nacyo.Mubisanzwe, uruzitiro rufite ibyuma bito-diametero, ibikoresho binini bya garebox ya drake ya axe ifite umwobo munini w'imbere kugirango ushyire kumazu atandukanye.Ibyuma bikozwe mubyiciro byihariye byibyuma ukoresheje tekinoroji itandukanye - guhinduranya no gusya, gukomeretsa, kashe ikurikirwa no gukomeretsa, nibindi.
Imikorere nubuziranenge bwibikoresho bya bevel
Mubintu nyamukuru biranga ibikoresho bya bevel bigomba kumurikwa:
Ation Ikigereranyo cy'ibikoresho - ubarwa uhereye ku kigereranyo cy'umubare w'amenyo y'ibikoresho n'inziga (ubusanzwe uba uri hagati ya 1.0 na 6.3, nubwo bishobora gutandukana muburyo bunini);
Average Impuzandengo isanzwe kandi yo hanze izenguruka;
Dim Ibipimo bya geometrike.
Hariho nibindi bipimo byerekana ibyuma bya bevel, ariko mugihe cyo gukora cyangwa mugusana garebox cyangwa ubundi buryo, ntibikoreshwa.
Twabibutsa ko mu Burusiya ibiranga n'ibishushanyo mbonera by'ibikoresho bya beveri byemewe, ibyuma ndetse n'uburyo ubwabyo byakozwe hakurikijwe GOST 19325-73 (bihuriweho n'ibikoresho byose bishingiye ku byuma bya beveri), 19624-74 (ibikoresho bya spur ), 19326-73 (ibikoresho bifite amenyo azenguruka), GOST 1758-81 nibindi.
Ikoreshwa ryibice bibiri mumodoka
Ibikoresho bya bevel bikoreshwa cyane mumasanduku ya gare yohereza ibinyabiziga kubintu bitandukanye:
Ihuriro rya bevel nimwe murishingiro ryimodoka ya gearbox
● Nka bikoresho nyamukuru mumasanduku ya gare yimodoka ya moteri yinyuma yimodoka ninyuma yimodoka yose.Mubisanzwe, ihererekanyabubasha rikorwa muburyo bwibikoresho byubunini butandukanye, kimwe muri byo (imbata) gishyirwa kumazu atandukanye.Ibikoresho bimwe byo gutwara ibinyabiziga bikozwe hamwe na shitingi, ibyuma bibiri bikozwe hamwe nigiti hamwe nibindi bikoresho (bevel cyangwa silindrike);
● Nka bokisi yo hejuru no hepfo ya bokisi yimbere yo gutwara ibiziga byimodoka.Muri bokisi yo hejuru, ibyuma byombi birashobora kugira umubare w amenyo nubunini bumwe, bikozwe mugihe kimwe nigiti cyacyo.Muri bokisi yo hepfo, ibikoresho bitwarwa bikozwe muri diameter nini kandi bifite igishushanyo cyihariye cyo guhuza uruziga;
● Mubice bitandukanye byo kohereza hamwe nubundi buryo.Ibice bibiri bishobora kuba bifite ibishushanyo bitandukanye, ariko muri rusange bihuye nibyavuzwe haruguru.
Rero, imodoka irashobora kuva kuri imwe (ku kinyabiziga gifite umurongo umwe) kugeza kuri bitatu (mu binyabiziga byose bifite ibinyabiziga bitatu) hamwe na disikuru yimbere hari ibice bine bya bevel, byibuze ubundi buryo bumwe bushobora gukoreshwa mugukwirakwiza traktor kugirango uhindure itara kumashanyarazi.
Nigute ushobora guhitamo no gusimbuza conique neza
Mugihe cyimodoka, imikorere ya conique ikorerwa imitwaro ihambaye - ni muri yo niho itara ryose riva kuri moteri ritangwa kuri axe yo gutwara, kandi rikanaterwa no kunyeganyega, guhungabana no guhungabana kubera imikoranire nabandi ibice.Nkigisubizo, igihe, amenyo yibikoresho byashaje aho bihurira, chip hamwe no gukomera birashobora kugaragara muri byo, kandi rimwe na rimwe amenyo yaciwe burundu.Ibi byose bigaragazwa no kwangirika kwimikorere no kongera urusaku.Niba hakekwa ko hari imikorere idahwitse, uburyo bugomba gusenywa no kugenzurwa, mugihe habaye ibikoresho byangiritse, byombi bigomba gusimburwa.Ntabwo byumvikana guhindura kimwe gusa mubikoresho, kuko muriki gihe uburyo buzahita buhinduka isoko yibibazo.
Ihuriro rigomba gufatwa kugirango risimburwe, mubishushanyo, ingano n'ibiranga bihuye nuburyo bwashyizweho mbere.Nibiba ngombwa, urashobora guhitamo uburyo bufite igipimo gitandukanye, bizamura imikorere yikinyabiziga.Ariko, gusimburwa nkibi bigomba gukorwa ubwitonzi kandi gusa ufite ikizere cyuzuye ko bishoboka kandi bifite ishingiro - ibi birashobora kumenyeshwa nuwabikoze ubwe cyangwa inzobere.
Gusimbuza ibikoresho bya beveri bigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gusana imodoka cyangwa romoruki.Mubisanzwe, iki gikorwa gisaba uruhare runini muri disiki ya drake na gearbox - gusimbuza ibyuma, birakenewe gusenya burundu imitambiko hamwe nuburyo bwihariye.Rimwe na rimwe, ibyuma bifunga ibimenyetso bigomba gusimburwa - bigomba kugurwa mbere.Mugihe ushyiraho ibyuma no guteranya garebox, birakenewe gukoresha amavuta yasabwe nuwabikoze.Kandi nyuma yo gusana birangiye, gucamo make ya gare irakenewe.
Hamwe noguhitamo neza no gusimbuza conical couple, uburyo bwo kohereza bwakosowe buzakora neza, bukore imirimo yabwo muburyo bwose.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Nyakanga-13-2023