Izimoto eziningi ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva kanye nezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo zinama-gearbox ajikayo aphinde ashintshe i-torque.Isisekelo samabhokisi anjalo angama-bevel pair - funda konke mayelana nalezi zindlela, izinhlobo zazo, ukwakheka nokusebenza, kanye nokukhetha kwabo okulungile nokushintshwa, esihlokweni.
Iyini ipheya eyisikhonkwane?
I-bevel pair iwuhlobo lokudluliswa kwegiya lezimoto nezinye izinto zokusebenza, ezakhiwe ngamagiya amabili e-bevel, izimbazo zazo ezitholakala nge-engeli (imvamisa iqonde) komunye nomunye.
Ekuhanjisweni kwezimoto, ogandaganda nemishini, kanye nasezinsizeni ezihlukahlukene, ngokuvamile kunesidingo sokushintsha isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-torque.Isibonelo, ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva, i-torque edluliselwa yi-propeller shaft i-perpendicular ku-axis ye-axle, futhi lokhu kugeleza kufanele kujikelezwe ngamadigri angu-90 ukushayela amasondo.Kumagandaganda anamasondo e-MTZ ane-axle yangaphambili yokushayela, isiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-torque kufanele siguqulwe izikhathi ezingu-90, ngoba ama-axles amasondo atholakala ngaphansi kwe-axis ye-post beam.Futhi kumayunithi amaningi, imishini nemishini, ukugeleza kwe-torque kufanele kujikelezwe ngama-engeli ahlukene izikhathi eziningana.Kuzo zonke lezi zimo, kusetshenziswa isitimela esikhethekile esisekelwe kumagiya amabili e-bevel - i-bevel pair.
Ipheya eyikhonikhi inemisebenzi emibili esemqoka:
- Ukujikeleza kokugeleza kwe-torque nge-engeli ethile (imvamisa i-90 degrees);
- Ukushintsha inani le-torque.
Inkinga yokuqala ixazululwa ngokuklanywa kwamagiya we-bevel pair, izimbazo zazo ezitholakala nge-engeli komunye nomunye.Futhi inkinga yesibili ixazululwa ngokusebenzisa amagiya anenani elihlukile lamazinyo, ngenxa yalokho kwakhiwa isitimela esine-gear ratio ethile.
Amapheya e-bevel adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemishini eminingi yokudlulisela nezinye izinhlelo, uma igiya elilodwa noma womabili eguga noma ephuka, wonke amapheya kufanele ashintshwe.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuthenga i-pair entsha ye-conical, udinga ukuqonda ukuklama kwalo mshini, izinhlobo ezikhona, izici nezici zomsebenzi.
Izinhlobo kanye nomklamo wamapheya ayi-conical
Noma iyiphi i-bevel pair iqukethe amagiya amabili anomumo we-bevel wezindawo zokuqala, nezimbazo ze-shaft eziphambanayo.Okusho ukuthi, amagiya wombhangqwana anomumo we-bevel, futhi atholakala ngakwesokudla noma ama-engeli ahlukene komunye nomunye.
Amapheya e-bevel ayahluka ngokuma kwamazinyo kanye nokuhlelwa kwamagiya ahlobene.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amagiya we-bevel pair, kuye ngenjongo, anegama lawo:
● Idrayivu iyisondo nje;
● Isigqila siyigiya.
Ngokusho kokuma kwamazinyo, amapheya angama-conical yilezi:
● Ngamazinyo aqondile;
● Ngamazinyo agobile;
● Ngamazinyo ayindilinga;
● Ngamazinyo e-tangential (oblique).
Amagiya anamazinyo aqondile alula kakhulu ekwakhiweni - asikwa ahambisana ne-eksisi yesondo.Amazinyo ayindilinga ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, asikwa azungeze isiyingi sobubanzi obuthile.Amazinyo e-Tangential (noma ama-oblique) afana namazinyo aqondile, noma kunjalo, asuke ephambukile ku-axis yegiya.Okuyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke amazinyo e-curvilinear, ukukhubazeka okubekwe amafomula ahlukahlukene (imisebenzi).Ukuhlukahluka okunjalo ekumeni kwamazinyo amagiya e-bevel kuchazwa umehluko kumthamo womthwalo wamagiya nomsindo wawo.Amagiya anamazinyo aqondile amelana nemithwalo emincane, futhi yiwo anomsindo kakhulu.Amagiya amazinyo e-Oblique awanomsindo omncane futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu.Futhi imithwalo emikhulu ingakwazi ukumelana namagiya anamazinyo agobile futhi ayindilinga, nawo anomsindo omncane.
Ngokusho kokuma okuhlobene kwamagiya, amapheya ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
● Okuvamile, ngama-vertices ahambisanayo ezindawo zokuqala zamagiya (okungukuthi, uma ucabanga ukuthi amagiya asesimweni sama-cones, khona-ke ama-vertices awo azohlangana ngesikhathi esisodwa);
● I-Hypoid, enezingqimba ezigudlukile zezindawo zokuqala zamagiya.
I-Conicalbhanqa nezinyo eliyindilingaI-Hypoid conical pair nezinyo eligobile
Esimweni sokuqala, izimbazo zamagiya zitholakala endizeni eyodwa, okwesibili - kwenye yezindiza, izimbazo zisusiwe.Amagiya e-Hypoid angakhiwa kuphela amagiya e-bevel anamazinyo agobile noma agobile, anomthamo omkhulu wokulayisha futhi asebenza cishe buthule.
Amagiya e-Bevel angenziwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-shaft noma ngokuhlukana nayo.Imvamisa, i-shaft inamagiya anobubanzi obuncane, amagiya amakhulu ka-gearbox we-axle drive anembobo enkulu yangaphakathi yokufaka endaweni ehlukile.Amagiya enziwe ngamamaki akhethekile ensimbi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene - ukuphenduka nokugaya, ukugoqa, ukunyathela okulandelwa ukugoqa, njll. Amapheya angama-Conical adinga ukugcotshwa njalo ekusebenzeni kwawo, futhi izinhlobo ezikhethekile zamafutha zisetshenziswa kumagiya e-hypoid.
Ukusebenza kanye nokumiswa kwamagiya e-bevel
Ezicini eziyinhloko zamagiya e-bevel kufanele zigqanyiswe:
● Isilinganiso segiya - sibalwa kusukela kusilinganiso senani lamazinyo egiya nesondo (ngokuvamile sisebangeni elisuka ku-1.0 kuye ku-6.3, nakuba lingahluka kakhulu);
● Amamojula aphakathi nendawo avamile nangaphandle;
● Ubukhulu beJiyomethri bamagiya.
Kukhona neminye imingcele yamagiya e-bevel, kodwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza noma ukulungisa amabhokisi noma ezinye izindlela, awasetshenziswanga.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi eRussia izici nezici zokuklama zamagiya e-bevel zilinganiselwe, amagiya kanye nemishini ngokwayo ikhiqizwa ngokuhambisana ne-GOST 19325-73 (evamile kuwo wonke amagiya asekelwe kumagiya e-bevel), 19624-74 (amagiya we-spur). ), 19326-73 (amagiya anamazinyo ayindilinga), GOST 1758-81 nabanye.
Ukusebenza kwamapheya ayi-conical ezimotweni
Amagiya e-Bevel asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-gearbox okuhanjiswa kwezimoto ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene:
I-bevel pair ingenye yezisekelo ze-gearbox ye-axle drive
● Njengegiya eliyinhloko kuma-gearbox ama-axle okushayela adonsa ngamasondo angemuva kanye nezimoto ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.Imvamisa, ukuhanjiswa okunjalo kwenziwa ngendlela yamagiya amasayizi ahlukene, elinye lawo (isigqila) lifakwe ngqo ezindlini ezihlukile.Igiya le-single-drive lenziwa kanye ne-shaft, igiya eliphindwe kabili lenziwa nge-shaft nelinye igiya (i-bevel noma i-cylindrical);
● Njengama-gearbox angenhla nangaphansi kwama-asi angaphambili ogandaganda abanamasondo.Ku-gearbox ongenhla womabili amagiya angaba nenani lamazinyo nobukhulu obufanayo, enziwa kanye kanye namashaft awo.Kuma-gearbox aphansi, igiya elishayelwayo lenziwe ngobubanzi obukhulu futhi linomklamo okhethekile wokuxhuma nesondo;
● Kumayunithi ahlukene okudlulisela kanye nezinye izinhlelo.Ama-Conical pairs angase abe nemiklamo ehlukene, kodwa ngokuvamile ahambisana nalokho okushiwo ngenhla.
Ngakho-ke, imoto ingaba namapheya ama-axle amathathu ukusuka kweyodwa (emotweni ene-axle eyodwa) kuye kwezintathu (kuwo wonke amasondo ezimotweni ezinama-asi amathathu) noma ngaphezulu (ezimotweni ezinama-axle amaningi anamasondo onke) amapheya e-bevel, nakugandaganda. nge-axle yokushayela ngaphambili kukhona amapheya amane e-bevel, okungenani enye indlela enjalo ingasetshenziswa ekudluliseleni ugandaganda ukuze uvule i-torque kushafti yokukhipha amandla.
Indlela yokukhetha nokushintsha i-conical pair ngendlela efanele
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, i-conical pair ibhekene nemithwalo ebalulekile - kungenxa yokuthi yonke i-torque evela enjini inikezwa ku-axle yokushayela, futhi iphinde ibe ngaphansi kokudlidliza, ukushaqeka nokushaqeka ngenxa yokuxhumana nezinye. izingxenye.Ngenxa yalokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amazinyo amagiya aguga ezindaweni zokuthintana, ama-chips nokuqina kungase kubonakale kuwo, futhi kwezinye izimo amazinyo akhishwe ngokuphelele.Konke lokhu kubonakaliswa ukuwohloka komshini kanye nokwanda komsindo.Uma kusolwa ukungasebenzi kahle, umshini kufanele uhlakazwe futhi uhlolwe, uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwegiya, i-bevel pair kufanele ishintshwe.Akunangqondo ukushintsha igiya elilodwa kuphela, ngoba kulokhu umshini uzoba umthombo wezinkinga futhi.
Umbhangqwana we-conical kufanele uthathwe ukushintshwa, okuthi ngomklamo, usayizi nezici ezihambisana nendlela efakwe ngaphambilini.Uma kunesidingo, ungakhetha umshini nge-gear ratio ehlukile, ezothuthukisa ukusebenza kwemoto.Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha futhi kuphela ngokuqiniseka okugcwele ukuthi kungenzeka futhi kunesizathu - lokhu kungabikwa ngumenzi ngokwakhe noma ochwepheshe.
Ukushintshwa kwegiya le-bevel kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto noma ugandaganda.Ngokuvamile, lo msebenzi udinga ukungenelela okubalulekile ku-axle yokushayela kanye nebhokisi le-gearbox - ukufaka esikhundleni samagiya, kubalulekile ukuqaqa ngokuphelele i-axle kanye nezindlela zayo ngazinye.Kwezinye izimo, ama-bearings kanye nezinto zokubeka uphawu kuzodingeka zishintshwe - kufanele zithengwe kusengaphambili.Lapho ufaka amagiya futhi uhlanganisa i-gearbox, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izithambisi ezinconyiwe zomenzi.Futhi ngemva kokuqedwa kokulungiswa, i-break-in ye-gearbox iyadingeka.
Ngokukhetha okulungile kanye nokushintshwa kwepheya ekhonkolo, indlela yokudlulisa elungisiwe izosebenza ngokwethembeka, yenze imisebenzi yayo kuzo zonke izindlela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023