Sisitemu ya pneumatike yimodoka na traktori ikora mubisanzwe murwego runaka rwumuvuduko, mugihe umuvuduko uhindutse, kunanirwa no gusenyuka birashoboka.Guhoraho k'umuvuduko muri sisitemu utangwa nubuyobozi - soma ibijyanye niki gice, ubwoko bwacyo, imiterere, imikorere, kimwe no gusana no guhindura ingingo.
Igenzura ry'ingutu ni iki?
Igenzura ry'ingutu ni kimwe mu bigize sisitemu ya pneumatike y'ibinyabiziga n'ibikoresho bitandukanye;Igikoresho cyemeza ko umuvuduko wumwuka uhoraho muri sisitemu, kandi ugakora imirimo myinshi yo gukingira no gukumira.
Iki gice gikemura imirimo ikurikira:
• Kugumana umuvuduko wumwuka muri sisitemu mugihe cyagenwe (650-800 kPa, bitewe nubwoko bwibikoresho);
• Kurinda sisitemu ya pneumatike umuvuduko ukabije kurenza urugero rwashyizweho (hejuru ya 1000-1350 kPa, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ibikoresho);
• Kwirinda no kurinda sisitemu kwanduza no kwangirika bitewe no gusohora buri gihe kondensate mu kirere.
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyumugenzuzi nugukomeza umuvuduko wumwuka muri sisitemu murwego rwashyizweho, utitaye kumitwaro iriho, umubare wabaguzi bahujwe, ikirere cyikirere, nibindi. Hanyuma, mugihe cyo kugabanya umuvuduko usanzwe ukoresheje umuyobozi, the kondensate yegeranijwe mubice bigize sisitemu (cyane cyane mubyakirwa bidasanzwe) yakuwe mu kirere, ibarinda kwangirika, gukonja no kwanduza.
Igikoresho nihame ryimikorere yubushakashatsi
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi nicyitegererezo cyabashinzwe kugenzura igitutu kumasoko uyumunsi, ariko byose biri mumatsinda abiri manini:
• Abagenzuzi basanzwe;
• Abagenzuzi bahujwe na adsorber.
Ibikoresho byubwoko bwa mbere bigenga umuvuduko muri sisitemu kandi bigakora imirimo yo gukingira, mugihe umwanda wo guhumanya ikirere ukorwa nibintu bitandukanye - gutandukanya amazi n’amavuta (cyangwa gutandukanya amavuta hamwe nuwumisha ikirere).Ibikoresho byubwoko bwa kabiri bifite ibikoresho bya karitsiye ya adsorber, itanga ubundi buryo bwo guhumanya ikirere, bitanga uburinzi bwiza kuri sisitemu yumusonga.
Abagenzuzi bose bafite igikoresho kimwe, buri kimwe gitanga ibintu byinshi byibanze:
Igishushanyo mbonera
• Gufata no gusohora imyanda kumurongo umwe;
• Kudasubira inyuma (biherereye kuruhande rwumuyoboro usohoka, birinda kugabanuka k'umuvuduko muri sisitemu mugihe compressor yazimye);
• Gusohora valve (biherereye kuruhande rwikirere cyo hepfo, bitanga umwuka mwikirere);
• Kuringaniza piston ihujwe no gufata no gusohora (itanga gufungura / gufunga ibyinjira no gusohora ibyuka, ikayobora imyuka ihumeka imbere yubuyobozi).
Ibice byose nibigize igice giherereye mubyuma hamwe na sisitemu yimiyoboro nu mwobo.Igenzura rifite ahantu hanini (umuyoboro) kugirango uhuze na sisitemu ya pneumatike yimodoka: inlet - umwuka ucometse kuri compressor iyinjiramo, isohoka - binyuze muri yo umwuka uva mubuyobozi winjira muri sisitemu, ikirere - umwuka uhumeka hamwe na kondensate bisohoka muri ikirere kinyuzemo, kandi kidasanzwe cyo kuzamura amapine.Ikirere cyo mu kirere gishobora kuba gifite ibyuma - igikoresho cyo kugabanya ubukana bw'urusaku ruturuka ku kugabanya umuvuduko.Isohora ry'ipine rikorwa muburyo bwo guhuza hose, rifunze hamwe na capit yo gukingira.Na none, umugenzuzi utanga ikindi kirere gisohoka mu kirere gito, birakenewe kugirango imikorere isanzwe ya piston isohoka, imiyoboro ntabwo ihujwe niyi terminal.
Mugenzuzi hamwe na adsorber, kontineri yuzuyemo ibikoresho bya hygroscopique bifatanye kumazu, bikurura amazi ava mumyuka iva muri compressor.Mubisanzwe, adsorber ikorwa muburyo bwa karitsiye isanzwe ifite umusozi ufite umugozi, ushobora gusimburwa nibiba ngombwa.
Imikorere yumuteguro wigitutu ntabwo igoye cyane.Iyo moteri itangiye, umwuka ucometse kuri compressor winjira muburyo bujyanye nubuyobozi.Igihe cyose igitutu kiri murwego rwo gukora cyangwa munsi yacyo, indiba ziri mumwanya umwuka utembera unyuze mumashanyarazi muri sisitemu, yuzuza abayakira kandi ukemeza imikorere yabaguzi (imyuka na cheque irakinguye, gufata no gusohora indangagaciro zifunze).Iyo igitutu cyegereye urwego rwo hejuru rwibikorwa (750-800 kPa), gupakurura no kwinjiramo byakinguwe, hamwe na cheque nogusohora imyuka ifunga, nkigisubizo, inzira yumuyaga irahinduka - yinjira mukirere kandi ikarekurwa .Rero, compressor itangira gukora, kwiyongera k'umuvuduko muri sisitemu birahagarara.Ariko mugihe umuvuduko uri muri sisitemu ugabanutse kugera kumupaka wo hasi wurwego rwo gukora (620-650 kPa), indangagaciro zimukira mumwanya umwuka uva muri compressor utangira gusubira muri sisitemu.
Mugihe mugihe umugenzuzi azimya compressor mugihe umuvuduko ugeze kuri 750-800 kPa, noneho mugihe kizaza uburyo bwumutekano buzakora, uruhare rwarwo rukaba rufite na valve imwe isohoka.Niba kandi igitutu kigeze kuri 1000-1350 kPa, noneho valve ipakurura irakinguka, ariko ibice bisigaye bigize igice ntibihindura umwanya - nkigisubizo, sisitemu ihujwe nikirere, irekurwa ryihutirwa ryihutirwa.Iyo umuvuduko ugabanutse, valve isohoka irafunga kandi sisitemu ikomeza gukora mubisanzwe.
Umuvuduko compressor itandukanijwe na sisitemu ya pneumatike ishyirwaho nimbaraga zamasoko ya piston iringaniye.Irashobora guhindurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhinduranya bushingiye ku isahani.Imiyoboro ikosorwa na locknut, ibuza uburyo bwo kudahinduka bitewe no kunyeganyega, guhungabana, guhindagurika, nibindi.
Abagenzuzi hamwe na adsorber bakora kimwe, ariko batanga imirimo ibiri yinyongera.Ubwa mbere, iyo igitutu kirekuwe, umwuka ntusohoka mwikirere gusa - unyura kuri adsorber muburyo bunyuranye, ukuraho ububobere bwuzuye muri bwo.Kandi, icya kabiri, iyo adsorber ifunze (umwuka uva muri compressor urayungurura, ariko burigihe hariho umubare munini wanduye urimo, ushyirwa mubice bya adsorbent), valve ya bypass iraterwa, numwuka uva mukirere umurongo wo gusohora winjira muri sisitemu.Muri iki gihe, umwuka ntuba uhumanye, kandi uwamamaza agomba gusimburwa.
Igenzura ryubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose ryashyizwe mumurongo wo gusohora sisitemu ya pneumatike ako kanya inyuma ya compressor hamwe nogutandukanya amavuta nubushuhe (niba byatanzwe muri sisitemu).Umwuka uva mubuyobozi, bitewe numuzunguruko wa sisitemu ya pneumatike, urashobora gutangwa kuri fuse ikonjesha hanyuma ukayigeza kumatara yumutekano, cyangwa ubanza kubakira hanyuma ukajya kuri valve yumutekano.Muri ubu buryo, umugenzuzi akurikirana umuvuduko muri sisitemu yose kandi akayirinda kurenza urugero.
Igishushanyo cyumuvuduko ukabije hamwe na adsorber
Ibibazo byo gutoranya no gusana abashinzwe kugenzura igitutu
Mugihe cyo gukora, umugenzuzi wumuvuduko ahura nuwanduye numutwaro uremereye, biganisha buhoro buhoro kwangirika kwimikorere no gusenyuka.Kongera igihe cya serivisi yubugenzuzi bigerwaho no kugenzura no gukora isuku mugihe cyo gufata neza ibihe.By'umwihariko, birakenewe koza ibyuma byubatswe mubashinzwe kugenzura no kugenzura ibice byose bitemba.Mubagenzuzi hamwe na adsorber, birakenewe kandi gusimbuza cartridge na adsorbent.
Mugihe habaye imikorere mibi yubuyobozi - kumeneka, gukora nabi (kunanirwa kuzimya compressor, gutinda gusohora ikirere, nibindi) - igice kigomba gusanwa cyangwa gusimburwa munteko.Mugihe cyo gusimburwa, ugomba guhitamo umuyobozi wubwoko bumwe na moderi imwe yashyizwe kumodoka (cyangwa analogue yayo ihuye nibiranga sisitemu ya pneumatike).Nyuma yo kwishyiriraho, igikoresho gishya kigomba guhinduka ukurikije ibyifuzo byuwakoze imodoka.Hamwe noguhitamo neza no gusimbuza umugenzuzi, sisitemu ya pneumatike izakora neza muburyo butandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-05-2023