Uhlelo lwe-pneumatic lwezimoto nogandaganda lusebenza ngokujwayelekile ebangeni elithile lokucindezela, lapho ingcindezi ishintsha, ukwehluleka nokuphuka kwayo kungenzeka.Ukuqina kwengcindezi ohlelweni kunikezwa umlawuli - funda ngale yunithi, izinhlobo zayo, isakhiwo, ukusebenza, kanye nokulungiswa nokulungiswa esihlokweni.
Iyini i-pressure regulator?
I-pressure regulator iyingxenye yesistimu ye-pneumatic yezimoto nemishini ehlukahlukene;Idivayisi eqinisekisa ukungaguquguquki komfutho womoya ohlelweni, futhi yenza imisebenzi eminingana yokuvikela neyokuvikela.
Le yunithi ixazulula imisebenzi elandelayo:
• Ukugcina umfutho womoya ohlelweni ebangeni elinqunywe kusengaphambili (650-800 kPa, kuye ngohlobo lwemishini);
• Ukuvikelwa kwesistimu ye-pneumatic ekukhuphukeni kwengcindezi ngaphezu komkhawulo omisiwe (ngaphezu kuka-1000-1350 kPa, kuye ngohlobo lwemishini);
• Ukuvinjelwa nokuvikelwa kwesistimu ekungcoleni nasekugqwaleni ngenxa yokuphuma kwe-condensate emkhathini ngezikhathi ezithile.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko womlawuli ukugcina ukucindezela komoya ohlelweni ngaphakathi kwebanga lokusebenza elimisiwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imithwalo yamanje, inani labathengi abaxhunyiwe, izimo zezulu, njll. Ekugcineni, ngesikhathi sokunciphisa ingcindezi evamile ngokusebenzisa umlawuli, i i-condensate eqoqwe ezingxenyeni zesistimu (ikakhulukazi ku-condensing receiver ekhethekile) ikhishwa emkhathini, ezivikela ekugqwaleni, ekuqandeni nasekungcolisweni.
Idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwesilawuli sokucindezela
Kunezinhlobo eziningi namamodeli wabalawuli bengcindezi emakethe namuhla, kodwa bonke bawela emaqenjini amabili amakhulu:
• Izilawuli ezijwayelekile;
• Izilawuli ezihlanganiswe ne-adsorber.
Amadivayisi ohlobo lokuqala alawula ingcindezi ohlelweni futhi enze imisebenzi yokuzivikela, kuyilapho ukukhishwa kwe-air dehumidification kwenziwa ingxenye ehlukile - isihlukanisi somswakama namafutha (noma isihlukanisi samafutha esihlukile kanye nesomisi somoya).Amadivayisi ohlobo lwesibili afakwe i-cartridge ye-adsorber, ehlinzeka nge-air dehumidification eyengeziwe, ehlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okungcono kwesistimu ye-pneumatic.
Zonke izilawuli zinedivayisi efanayo ngokuyisisekelo, ngayinye yazo ihlinzeka ngezinto ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo:
Idizayini yesilawuli sokucindezela
• Ama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha esiqwini esisodwa;
• I-valve engabuyi (etholakala eceleni kwepayipi yokuphuma, ivimbela ukwehla kwengcindezi ohlelweni lapho i-compressor ivaliwe);
• I-valve yokukhipha (etholakala ohlangothini lwe-outlet ephansi ye-atmospheric, inikeza ukukhishwa komoya emkhathini);
• Ipiston yokulinganisa exhunywe kumavalvu okungenisa nawokukhipha umoya (ihlinzeka ngokuvuleka / ukuvala amavalvu okudonsa nawokukhipha umoya, iqondise kabusha ukugeleza komoya ngaphakathi kwesilawuli).
Zonke izingxenye kanye nezingxenye zeyunithi zitholakala endaweni yensimbi enesistimu yamashaneli kanye nemigodi.I-regulator inezindawo ezine zokuphuma (ipayipi) zokuxhuma ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic yemoto: i-inlet - umoya ocindezelwe ovela ku-compressor ungena kuwo, okukhiphayo - ngawo umoya ovela kumlawuli ungena ohlelweni, umoya ocindezelwe womoya kanye ne-condensate ukhishwa kuwo. umkhathi ngawo, futhi okhethekile wokuphefumula amathayi.I-outlet yasemkhathini ingahlonyiswa nge-muffler - idivayisi yokunciphisa amandla omsindo ovela ekunciphiseni ingcindezi.I-outlet ye-inflation yamasondo yenziwa ngendlela yokuxhuma kwe-hose, ivaliwe nge-cap yokuzivikela.Futhi, umlawuli uhlinzeka ngokunye okukhipha umoya we-cross-section encane, kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwe-piston yokukhipha, amapayipi awaxhunyiwe kulesi siphetho.
Kuzilawuli ezine-adsorber, isitsha esigcwele impahla ye-hygroscopic sinamathiselwe endlini, sidonsa umswakama ovela emoyeni ovela ku-compressor.Ngokuvamile, i-adsorber yenziwa ngendlela ye-cartridge ejwayelekile ene-threaded mount, engashintshwa uma kunesidingo.
Ukusebenza kwesilawuli sokucindezela akuyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Lapho injini iqala, umoya ocindezelwe ovela ku-compressor ungena esigungwini esihambisanayo somlawuli.Uma nje ingcindezi isesigabeni sokusebenza noma ngaphansi, ama-valve asesimweni lapho umoya ugeleza ngokukhululekile ngomlawuli ungene ohlelweni, ugcwalise abamukeli futhi uqinisekisa ukusebenza kwabathengi (i-exhaust kanye nama-valve okuhlola avuliwe, ama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha avaliwe).Lapho ingcindezi isondela emkhawulweni ophezulu webanga lokusebenza (750-800 kPa), ama-valve okuthulula kanye ne-inlet avuleka, futhi ama-valve okuhlola nawokuqeda avale, ngenxa yalokho, indlela yomoya iyashintsha - ingena endaweni yokuphuma emkhathini futhi ikhishwe. .Ngakho, i-compressor iqala ukungenzi lutho, ukwanda kwengcindezi ohlelweni kuyayeka.Kodwa ngokushesha nje lapho ukucindezela ohlelweni kwehla kumkhawulo ophansi webanga lokusebenza (620-650 kPa), ama-valve athuthela endaweni lapho umoya ovela ku-compressor uqala ukugeleza ubuyele ohlelweni.
Uma kwenzeka umlawuli evala i-compressor lapho ingcindezi ifinyelela ku-750-800 kPa, khona-ke esikhathini esizayo indlela yokuphepha izosebenza, indima edlalwa yi-valve efanayo yokukhipha.Futhi uma ingcindezi ifinyelela ku-1000-1350 kPa, i-valve yokuthula ivula, kodwa izingxenye ezisele zeyunithi azishintshi isikhundla sabo - ngenxa yalokho, uhlelo luxhunywe emkhathini, ukukhululwa kwengcindezi ephuthumayo kwenzeka.Lapho ukucindezela kwehla, i-valve yokukhipha ivala futhi uhlelo luqhubeka nokusebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Ingcindezi lapho i-compressor inqanyulwa khona ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic isethwe ngamandla entwasahlobo yepiston yokulinganisa.Ingashintshwa kusetshenziswa isikulufu sokulungisa esihlezi epuletini lasentwasahlobo.Isikulufu silungiswa i-locknut, evimbela indlela yokusebenza ukuthi ingafi ngenxa yokudlidliza, ukushaqeka, ukushukuma, njll.
Izilawuli ezine-adsorber zisebenza ngokufanayo, kodwa zinikeza imisebenzi emibili eyengeziwe.Okokuqala, lapho ukucindezela kukhishwa, umoya awukhishwa nje emkhathini - udlula i-adsorber ngokuphambene, ususa umswakama oqoqwe kuwo.Futhi, okwesibili, lapho i-adsorber ivalekile (umoya ovela ku-compressor uyahlungwa, kodwa kuhlale kukhona inani elithile lokungcola kulo, elifakwe ezinhlayiyeni ze-adsorbent), i-valve yokudlula iqala, futhi umoya ovela umugqa wokukhipha ungena ngqo ohlelweni.Kulokhu, umoya awuncishisiwe, futhi i-adsorber kufanele ishintshwe.
Isilawuli sokucindezela kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo sifakwe emgqeni wokukhipha wesistimu ye-pneumatic ngokushesha ngemuva kwe-compressor kanye nesihlukanisi samafutha kanye nomswakama (uma kunikezwa ohlelweni).Umoya osuka kusilawuli, kuye ngomjikelezo wesistimu ye-pneumatic, unganikezwa ku-fuse yokuqandisa bese kuba yivalvu yokuphepha, noma kuqala kumamukeli ojiya bese kuba yivalvu yokuphepha.Ngale ndlela, umlawuli uqapha ingcindezi kulo lonke uhlelo futhi uyivikele ekulayisheni ngokweqile.
Umdwebo wesilawuli sokucindezela one-adsorber
Izinkinga zokukhethwa nokulungiswa kwezilawuli zengcindezi
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, umlawuli wengcindezi uvezwa ukungcola kanye nemithwalo enzima, okuholela kancane kancane ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza kahle kwayo kanye nokuwohloka.Ukwelulwa kwempilo yesevisi yomlawuli kufinyelelwa ngokuyihlola nokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwemoto kwesizini.Ikakhulukazi, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza ama-strainers eyakhelwe kubalawuli futhi uhlole yonke iyunithi ukuvuza.Kubalawuli abane-adsorber, kuyadingeka futhi ukufaka esikhundleni se-cartridge nge-adsorbent.
Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle komlawuli - ukuvuza, ukusebenza okungalungile (ukwehluleka ukuvala i-compressor, ukubambezeleka kokukhipha umoya, njll.) - iyunithi kufanele ilungiswe noma ishintshwe emhlanganweni.Uma kushintshwa, kufanele ukhethe isilawuli sohlobo olufanayo nemodeli efakwe emotweni (noma i-analogue yayo ehambisana nezici zohlelo lwe-pneumatic).Ngemva kokufaka, idivayisi entsha kufanele ilungiswe ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto.Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwesilawuli, uhlelo lwe-pneumatic luzosebenza ngokuthembekile ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-05-2023