A cikin watsa manyan motocin KAMAZ, ana ba da bambance-bambancen interaxle da cross-axle, inda tsakiyar wurin ke mamaye giciye.Koyi game da menene giciye, menene nau'ikansa, yadda yake aiki da waɗanne ayyuka yake yi, da zaɓi da maye gurbin waɗannan sassa daga labarin.
Menene bambancin giciye KAMAZ?
Gicciyen bambance-bambancen KAMAZ wani bangare ne na tsakiya da bambance-bambancen giciye na tuki na motocin KAMAZ;Sashe na cruciform wanda ke aiki azaman gatari don gear tauraron dan adam.
Gicciye ɗaya ne daga cikin manyan sassa na kowane nau'in bambance-bambancen - duka giciye-tsalle, wanda ke cikin akwatunan gear duk ma'aunin tuƙi, da tsaka-tsaki, wanda aka ɗora a kan matsakaicin gatari.Wannan bangare yana da ayyuka da yawa:
● Yin aiki a matsayin axles don tauraron dan adam daban-daban - ana ɗora gears a kan ƙwanƙolin giciye kuma suna juyawa da yardar kaina;
● Ƙaddamar da sassan mating na bambance-bambancen - tauraron dan adam da gears na shingen axle;
● Wayar da wutar lantarki daga gidaje daban-daban zuwa tauraron dan adam da kuma kara zuwa gears na shinge na axle (a cikin wasu nau'o'in waɗannan raka'a, ana watsa wutar lantarki kai tsaye ta hanyar giciye);
● Rarraba nau'i na kaya a kan gears na shinge na axle - wannan yana rage nauyin dukkanin kayan aiki, yana ƙara yawan rayuwar sabis da amincin su a cikin maɗaukaki masu mahimmanci;
● Samar da man shafawa ga gandun daji (launi bearings) na tauraron dan adam.
Yanayin gicciye ya dogara ne akan aikin bambance-bambancen, ingancin watsawa da aminci.Dole ne a gyara ko maye gurbin da ba daidai ba, amma kafin siyan sabon sashi, yakamata ku fahimci nau'ikan giciyen KAMAZ, fasalin su da kuma amfani.
Nau'i, ƙira da fasalulluka na KAMAZ giciye daban-daban
An raba duk giciye KAMAZ zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi biyu bisa ga fa'idarsu:
● Giciye na bambance-bambancen giciye (akwatunan gear tuƙi);
● Giciye na bambance-bambancen tsakiya.
Ana amfani da giciye na nau'in farko a cikin bambance-bambancen akwatunan gear na duk hanyoyin tuki - gaba, matsakaici (idan akwai) da baya.Anan, wannan ɓangaren yana tabbatar da rarraba juzu'i tsakanin raƙuman axle a saurin jujjuyawar ƙafafun dama da hagu.
Daban-daban giciye taro tare da tauraron dan adam
Giciye na nau'in na biyu wani muhimmin sashi ne na bambance-bambancen cibiyar da aka shigar kawai a kan matsakaicin tuki na motoci tare da dabarar dabarar 6 × 4 da 6 × 6, da watsa juzu'i kai tsaye zuwa matsakaici da axles na baya (ba tare da yanayin canja wuri ba).Anan, wannan ɓangaren yana tabbatar da rarraba juzu'i tsakanin tsaka-tsaki da na baya a saurin jujjuyawar ƙafafunsu.
Giciye na nau'ikan biyu suna da ƙira iri ɗaya bisa manufa.Wannan wani sashi ne mai ƙarfi wanda za'a iya bambanta sassa biyu: zobe na tsakiya (hub), tare da kewaye wanda spikes guda huɗu suna daidaitacce.Ramin da ke cikin cibiya yana aiki don tsakiyar sashin kuma ya sauƙaƙe shi, kuma a cikin bambance-bambancen tsakiya, madaidaicin tuƙi na baya yana wucewa ta ciki.Ana shigar da kayan aikin tauraron dan adam da masu wanki masu goyan baya a kan spikes ta cikin gandun daji, suna hana hulɗar kai tsaye ta tauraron dan adam tare da injunan kofuna na gidaje daban-daban.
Ƙwararrun suna da nau'i mai ma'ana mai ma'ana: a bangarorin da ke fuskantar tsakiyar tsaka-tsakin, ana cire balds a daidai wannan matakin tare da jirgin saman cibiyar giciye.Lysks yana tabbatar da kwararar mai zuwa gandun daji na tauraron dan adam da kuma kawar da barbashi na lalacewa daga gare su.Ramukan makafi na zurfin zurfi galibi ana hako su a ƙarshen spikes, waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe sarrafa sashin.Har ila yau, ana cire chamfers a ƙarshen don ƙarin dacewa shigarwa na giciye a cikin gidaje daban-daban.Diamita na studs na giciye-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle-tsalle na KAMAZ shine 28.0-28.11 mm, diamita na studs na bambance-bambancen tsakiya yana cikin kewayon 21.8-21.96 mm.
Dukkan giciye an yi su ne da ƙarfe na tsari na maki 15X, 18X, 20X da sauran su ta hanyar hatimi mai zafi (ƙirƙira) bi da bi ta hanyar juyawa, saman studs na ɓangarorin da aka gama ana yin maganin zafi (carburizing zuwa zurfin 1.2 mm, quenching da m tempering) don cimma da ake bukata taurin da juriya ga abrasive lalacewa.
Akwai nau'ikan giciye iri biyu na bambancin tsakiyar motocin KAMAZ:
● Tare da rami mai santsi;
● Tare da rami mai rami.
Sassan nau'in nau'in farko suna da ƙirar da aka kwatanta a sama, ana amfani da su a cikin bambance-bambancen tsakiya, wanda aka yi bisa ga tsarin gargajiya - tare da canja wurin jujjuyawar juzu'i daga shaft propeller zuwa gidaje daban-daban, wanda aka haɗa gicciye da wuya.Sassan nau'in nau'in na biyu suna da cibiya na haɓaka nisa, a cikin ɓangaren ciki wanda aka yi splines na tsayi.Ana amfani da waɗannan giciye a cikin bambance-bambancen cibiyar na sabon nau'in (wanda aka shigar akan KAMAZ-6520 jujjuyawar manyan motoci da gyare-gyare dangane da su tun 2009) - tare da canja wurin juzu'i daga shingen propeller kai tsaye zuwa giciye.Bambance-bambancen wannan nau'in sun fi sauƙi kuma mafi sauƙi, amma a cikin su gicciye yana da nauyin nauyin nauyi, don haka an ƙaddamar da ƙarin buƙatu masu mahimmanci akan ƙirar su da ingancin su.
Cibiyar bambancin KAMAZ-6520 taro
Ayyukan D-pads a cikin bambance-bambancen abu ne mai sauƙi.A cikin bambancin giciye-axle, yana aiki ne kawai a matsayin axles don tauraron dan adam.An ɗora giciye da ƙarfi a tsakanin kwanuka daban-daban na mahalli, wanda, bi da bi, an shigar da shi a cikin kayan aiki na babban kayan aiki.Lokacin da gear ya juya, bambancin yana juyawa a lokaci guda, tauraron dan adam da aka haɗe zuwa gicciye, suna aiki tare da gears na ginshiƙan axle, suna kawo su cikin juyawa, yana tabbatar da watsawar motsi zuwa ƙafafun motar.Lokacin yin kusurwa ko tuƙi a kan rigar hanyoyi, tauraron dan adam suna jujjuya kan magudanar ruwa na giciye, suna ba da gudu daban-daban.
A cikin bambance-bambancen tsakiya, gicciye suna yin ayyuka iri ɗaya, amma tare da taimakonsu ana rarraba juzu'i a tsakanin axles na tuƙi.
Batutuwa na zaɓi da maye gurbin giciye na bambancin KAMAZ
Giciye daban-daban suna fuskantar manyan lodi yayin aikin motar, don haka a kan lokaci suna lalacewa kuma suna lalata.Ana kula da yanayin wannan ɓangaren yayin kulawa na yau da kullun ko lokacin gyaran gatari na tuƙi.Idan an sami kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ƙwanƙwasa, tsagewa da sauran lalacewa a kan giciye, to dole ne a maye gurbinsa.Idan spikes na giciye suna da alamun abrasive lalacewa tare da raguwa a diamita, to ana iya dawo da su ta hanyar hawan ƙarfe da niƙa, amma a yau yana da sauƙi kuma mai rahusa don siyan sabon giciye.Idan an gano lahani a cikin tauraron dan adam da masu wanki (kwakwalwa, raunin hakori mara daidaituwa, tsagewa da karaya a cikin hakora, da sauransu), to dole ne a maye gurbin su tare da guntun giciye, da cikakken saiti (tare da bushings da tura wanki).
KAMAZ cross-axle bambancin
Giciye daban-daban suna fuskantar manyan lodi yayin aikin motar, don haka a kan lokaci suna lalacewa kuma suna lalata.Ana kula da yanayin wannan ɓangaren yayin kulawa na yau da kullun ko lokacin gyaran gatari na tuƙi.Idan an sami kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ƙwanƙwasa, tsagewa da sauran lalacewa a kan giciye, to dole ne a maye gurbinsa.Idan spikes na giciye suna da alamun abrasive lalacewa tare da raguwa a diamita, to ana iya dawo da su ta hanyar hawan ƙarfe da niƙa, amma a yau yana da sauƙi kuma mai rahusa don siyan sabon giciye.Idan an gano lahani a cikin tauraron dan adam da masu wanki (kwakwalwa, raunin hakori mara daidaituwa, tsagewa da karaya a cikin hakora, da sauransu), to dole ne a maye gurbin su tare da guntun giciye, da cikakken saiti (tare da bushings da tura wanki).
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-05-2023