Lapho kulungiswa iqembu le-piston lenjini, kuphakama ubunzima ngokufakwa kwama-piston - izindandatho eziphuma emigwaqweni azivumeli ukuthi i-piston ingene ngokukhululekile ku-block.Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, kusetshenziswa ama-piston ring mandrels - funda mayelana nalawa madivayisi, izinhlobo zawo, ukuklama nokusetshenziswa kwawo esihlokweni.
Inhloso piston indandatho mandrel
I-mandrel ye-piston rings (crimping) iyithuluzi elisesimweni se-tape ene-clamp eklanyelwe ukucwilisa amasongo e-piston emigodini ye-piston lapho ifakwe ku-block injini.
Ukulungiswa kweqembu le-piston lenjini akuvamile ukuqedwa ngaphandle kokukhipha ama-piston ebhulokhini layo.Ukufakwa okulandelayo kwama-piston kumasilinda we-block ngokuvamile kubangela izinkinga: izindandatho ezifakwe emigwaqweni ziphuma ngaphandle kwe-piston futhi zivimbele ukuthi zingangeni emkhonweni wayo.Ukuxazulula le nkinga, lapho kulungiswa injini, kusetshenziswa amadivaysi akhethekile - ama-mandrels noma ama-crimps amasongo e-piston.
I-mandrel ye-piston izindandatho inomsebenzi owodwa oyinhloko: isetshenziselwa ukucwilisa izindandatho nokucwilisa emigodini ye-piston ukuze lonke uhlelo lungene ngokukhululekile ku-cylinder ye-block.Futhi, i-mandrel isebenza njengesiqondiso lapho ifaka i-piston, ivimbela ukuthi isuke i-skewing, kanye nokuvimbela ukulimala emasongweni nesibuko sesilinda.
I-mandrel ye-piston rings iyithuluzi elilula kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho akunakwenzeka ukulungisa iqembu le-piston nezinye izinhlelo zenjini.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uye esitolo ukuze uthole i-mandrel, kufanele uqonde izinhlobo ezikhona zalawa madivayisi, ukwakheka kwawo kanye nezici.
Izinhlobo, ukuklama kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwe-piston ring mandrel
Ama-crimps anamuhla angahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu ngokuvumelana nesimiso sokusebenza:
● I-Ratchet (enezindlela ze-ratchet);
● I-Lever.
Banomehluko obalulekile wokuklama kanye nesimiso esihlukile sokusebenza.
Ratchet mandrels of piston izindandatho
Lezi zixhobo ziyizinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:
- Ngomshini we-ratchet oqhutshwa ukhiye (collar);
- Ngomshini we-ratchet ohlanganiswe nesibambo esiqhutshwa yi-lever.
Okusetshenziswa kakhulu ama-crimps ohlobo lokuqala.Ziqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: ibhande lensimbi eligoqayo kanye ne-ratchet mechanism (i-ratchet).Isisekelo sedivayisi yi-tape enobubanzi bamashumi amaningana amamilimitha kuya ku-100 mm noma ngaphezulu.I-tape yenziwe ngensimbi, ingaphathwa ngokushisa ukuze kwandiswe amandla, igoqwe ibe yindandatho.Phezulu kwetheyiphu kunomshini we-ratchet onamaribhoni amabili amancane.E-axis yomshini kunezigubhu zamateyipu asontayo kanye nesondo legiya eline-spring-loaded pawl.I-pawl yenziwe ngendlela ye-lever encane, lapho icindezelwa, umshini we-ratchet ukhululwa futhi i-tape ikhululiwe.Kwesinye sezigubhu ze-tape, imbobo ye-axial ye-square cross-section yenziwa, lapho i-wrench efana ne-L (collar) ifakwe ukuze iqinise itheyiphu.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo ze-ratchet belt mandrels yokusebenza ngama-pistons aphakeme kakhulu - afakwe umshini we-ratchet kabili (kodwa, njengomthetho, kuphela ngesondo elilodwa legiya kanye ne-pawl) eqhutshwa yi-wrench eyodwa.Ukuphakama kwedivayisi enjalo kungafinyelela ku-150 mm noma ngaphezulu.
Kunoma yikuphi, ama-mandrels alolu hlobo, ngenxa yokuklama kwawo, akhona yonke indawo, eziningi zazo zikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngama-pistons anobubanzi obungu-50 kuya ku-175 mm, kanye nama-mandrels obubanzi owandayo nawo asetshenziswa.
I-ratchet mandrel yamasongo e-piston isebenza kalula: lapho i-axis ye-ratchet iphendulwa yikhola, isondo legiya liyazungezwa, lapho i-pawl igxuma ngokukhululekile.Lapho umisa, ikhola ye-pawl ihlezi ngokumelene nezinyo lesondo futhi ilivimbele ukuthi libuyele emuva - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukulungiswa kwe-mandrel futhi, ngokufanele, ukugoqa kwamasongo emiseleni yawo.
I-crimping ngesibambo lapho kwakhiwa khona indlela ye-ratchet inedivayisi efanayo, kodwa ayinayo ikhola - indima yayo idlalwa yi-lever eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.Ngokuvamile, amadivaysi anjalo anebhande elincane, aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngesithuthuthu namanye amayunithi wamandla aphansi.
I-Mandrel ye-piston izindandatho ezinokhiye (wrench)
Ratchet piston indandatho mandrel
Lever mandrels of piston izindandatho
● Amateyipu ane-crimping ngodlawu noma amanye amathuluzi;
● Amatheyipu ane-crimping esebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile - imikhaza, kuhlanganise nama-ratchet;
● Amateyipu ane-crimping ane-lever eyakhelwe ngaphakathi enomshini wokukhiya kanye nekhono lokulungisa ububanzi bepiston.
I-crimping elula kakhulu yohlobo lokuqala yilezi: ngokuvamile lawa amasongo avulekile enziwe ngensimbi ewugqinsi enezinhlangothi ezimbili noma ama-loops emikhawulweni yomibili, ehlanganiswa ne-pliers noma ama-pliers.Ama-mandrels anjalo awalawulwa, angasetshenziswa kuphela ngama-pistons obubanzi obufanayo, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, akulula kakhulu ukuwasebenzisa, ngoba adinga ukugcinwa njalo kwamapulangwe noma ama-pliers kuze kube yilapho i-piston ifakwe ngokugcwele emkhonweni.
Ama-mandrels ohlobo lwesibili aphelele kakhulu, abuye enziwe ngendlela yezindandatho ezivulekile, noma kunjalo, ama-pliers akhethekile asetshenziselwa i-screed yabo kanye nethuba lokulungisa kunoma yisiphi isikhundla esithile.Ama-crimps anjalo awadingi ukusetshenziswa njalo komzamo kuzibungu, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.Ngokuvamile, amadivaysi alolu hlobo anikezwa ngendlela yamakhithi anama-mandrels amaningana ama-diameter ahlukene.
I-Lever piston ring mandrel
Ukukhetha okulungile nokusetshenziswa kwe-piston ring mandrel
Ukukhethwa kwe-piston ring mandrel kufanele kwenziwe ngokusekelwe ezicini ze-piston kanye nomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe.Uma kulungiswa imoto eyodwa kuphela, kunengqondo ukukhetha i-crimping elula nge-ratchet mechanism noma ngisho ne-plier clamp.Uma ukufakwa kwama-pistons kwenziwa njalo (isibonelo, esitolo sokulungisa izimoto), kungcono ukunikeza okuthandayo kumabhande afanayo webhande lomhlaba wonke nge-ratchet mechanism noma iqoqo lama-mandrels amadayimitha ahlukahlukene.Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ama-pistons amakhulu emoto kungcono ukusebenzisa ama-mandrels abanzi, futhi ama-pistons ngesithuthuthu - amancane.
Ukuze uthengelwe ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe, amasethi aphelele wamathuluzi okulungisa amaqembu e-piston angaba inketho ethokozisayo.Amakhithi anjalo angaqukatha ama-mandrel ahlukahlukene amasongo e-piston (kokubili i-tape kanye nezibungu ze-ratchet), abadonsa indandatho namanye amadivaysi.
Ukusebenza nge-mandrel ye-piston rings ngokuvamile kulula, kufika emisebenzini eminingana:
● Ukuze kube lula, faka i-piston ku-vice, gcoba ama-grooves ayo ngamasongo kanye nesiketi kahle ngamafutha;
● Beka izindandatho emigwaqweni ngokuhambisana nezincomo - ukuze izingxenye zabo zokukhiya zibekwe ebangeni lama-degree angu-120 ukusuka komunye nomunye;
● Gcoba ingaphakathi le-mandrel ngamafutha;
● Faka i-mandrel ku-piston;
● Ukusebenzisa i-wrench, i-lever noma i-pliers (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwedivayisi), qinisa i-mandrel ku-piston;
● Faka i-piston kanye ne-mandrel kusilinda sebhulokhi, sebenzisa isando noma isando nge-gasket ukuze ushaye ngokucophelela i-piston iphume ku-mandrel uyifake kusilinda;
● Ngemuva kokuthi i-piston ihlanganiswe ngokugcwele ku-cylinder, susa futhi ukhulule i-mandrel.
Isethi ye-piston ring mandress
Lapho usebenza ne-mandrel, kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ngokucophelela: uma i-crimping ibuthakathaka kakhulu, izindandatho ngeke zingene ngokugcwele emiseleni futhi zizophazamisa ukufakwa kwe-piston ku-liner;Nge-crimping ngokweqile, i-piston kuyoba nzima ukukhipha i-mandrel, futhi kulokhu, umshini wedivayisi ungase uphuke.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokusetshenziswa kwe-piston ring mandrel, ukuhlanganiswa kwenjini ngemva kokulungiswa kweqembu le-piston kuzodinga isikhathi esincane nomzamo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-11-2023