Ntau lub tsheb thiab tsheb laij teb siv lub tshuab tso pa, uas suav nrog cov khoom pabcuam - cov kav dej nkag.Nyeem tag nrho txog cov kav dej, lawv hom uas twb muaj lawm, tsim thiab siv tau, nrog rau kev xaiv kom raug thiab hloov ntawm cov khoom hauv kab lus no.
Dab tsi yog lub tshuab nqus tsev?
Cov yeeb nkab nkag (siv cov yeeb nkab) yog ib qho ntawm cov pa tso pa tawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob sab hauv;Cov yeeb nkab luv luv ntawm qee qhov profile thiab ntu ntu, uas ua kom qhov kev txais tos ntawm cov pa roj los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob los yog turbocharger thiab lawv cov khoom siv rau cov khoom txuas ntxiv ntawm cov pa tawm.
Lub tshuab tso pa tawm rau lub tsheb thiab lwm yam khoom siv yog lub kaw lus ntawm cov kav dej thiab ntau lub ntsiab lus uas ua kom muaj kev tshem tawm cov roj kub kub ntawm lub cav mus rau hauv qhov chaw thiab txo cov suab nrov.Thaum tawm hauv lub cav, cov pa roj muaj qhov kub thiab txias, yog li cov khoom siv ruaj khov thiab kub-resistant feem ntau nyob ntawm no - lub tso pa tawm.Cov kav dej nrog cov nplaim taws ntes, resonators, mufflers, neutralizers thiab lwm yam khoom tawm ntawm tus neeg sau.Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv feem ntau lub tshuab, kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav dej tsis yog nqa ncaj qha mus rau lub collector, tab sis los ntawm cov khoom siv adapter - cov yeeb nkab luv luv.
Cov kav dej tau txais kev daws teeb meem ntau yam hauv qhov tso pa tawm:
● Kev txais cov pa pa tawm ntawm lub manifold thiab lawv cov kev taw qhia mus rau cov yeeb nkab txais;
● Kev sib hloov ntawm cov pa tso pa tawm ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas muab qhov chaw yooj yim ntawm cov khoom txuas ntxiv ntawm lub cev;
● Nyob rau hauv cov kav dej nrog kev co compensators - kev sib cais ntawm lub cav thiab tso pa tawm.
Cov yeeb nkab tau txais txiaj ntsig yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev sib khi lub tso pa tawm thiab nws cov kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, yog li, thaum muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis hlawv, qhov no yuav tsum tau hloov sai li sai tau.Thiab rau txoj kev xaiv ntawm cov yeeb nkab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov hom uas twb muaj lawm, tsim thiab nta ntawm cov khoom no.
Exhaust system nrog kev siv cov kav dej inlet
Hom thiab tsim ntawm cov kav dej inlet
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias cov kav dej tsis siv rau hauv txhua lub cav - qhov no feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov tsheb thauj khoom, tsheb laij teb thiab ntau yam khoom siv tshwj xeeb, thiab ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb, tau txais cov kav dej ntawm ntau qhov kev teeb tsa tau siv ntau dua.Cov kav dej nkag tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov pa hluav taws xob ntawm cov tshuab muaj zog, qhov uas nws yuav tsum tau ua kom yooj yim tshem tawm cov pa roj los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob los yog turbocharger hauv qhov chaw kaw.Yog li thaum kho qhov system, koj yuav tsum xub xyuas kom meej tias muaj cov yeeb nkab hauv nws, lossis yog tias koj xav tau cov yeeb nkab txais.
Tag nrho cov kav dej tau muab faib ua ob pawg loj raws li kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm:
● Pa kav dej;
● Nozzles ua ke nrog kev vibration compensators.
Cov kav dej yooj yim muaj cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws: nws yog ib qho ncaj los yog khoov steel yeeb nkab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, ntawm ob qhov kawg uas muaj kev sib txuas flanges nrog qhov rau studs, bolts lossis lwm yam fasteners.Cov kav dej ncaj tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm stamping lossis los ntawm cov yeeb nkab ntu, cov kav dej khoov yog tsim los ntawm vuam ob peb qhov khoob - sab stamped phab ntsa thiab cov nplhaib nrog flanges.Feem ntau, mounting flanges yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rings los yog daim hlau loosely muab tso rau ntawm cov yeeb nkab, lub siab ntawm cov yeeb nkab mus rau mating qhov chaw (cov kav dej, manifold, turbocharger) yog muab los ntawm welded flanges ntawm ib tug me me.Kuj tseem muaj cov nozzles yam tsis muaj flanges, lawv yog mounted los ntawm vuam los yog crimping los ntawm steel clamps.
Nozzles nrog expansion pob qij txha muaj ib tug complex tsim.Lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsim qauv kuj tseem yog cov yeeb nkab steel, ntawm qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg uas muaj kev co compensator, uas muab kev vibration cais ntawm qhov tso pa tawm.Lub compensator feem ntau yog welded rau cov yeeb nkab, qhov no tuaj yeem yog ob hom:
● Bellows - corrugated yeeb nkab (nws tuaj yeem yog ib- thiab ob-txheej, tuaj yeem muaj cov hlua sab nrauv thiab sab hauv uas ua los ntawm stainless hlau strips);
● Ib lub hose hlau yog ib txoj hlua hlau twisted nrog ib txoj hlua sab nrauv (nws tuaj yeem muaj cov hlua sab hauv).
Cov kav dej nrog cov pob qij txha nthuav dav kuj tau nruab nrog kev sib txuas flanges, tab sis kev xaiv kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem siv vuam lossis khi clamps.
Cov kav dej nkag tuaj yeem muaj qhov txuas tsis tu ncua lossis qhov sib txawv.Cov kav dej nthuav dav siv ntau dua, nyob rau hauv uas, vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, muaj qhov poob qis ntawm cov pa tso pa tawm.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv:
● Ncaj yeeb nkab;
● Lub kaum sab xis yeeb nkab nrog khoov ntawm 30, 45 lossis 90 degrees.
Ncaj nozzles yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tshuab uas khoov yuav tsum tau tig cov roj ntws yog muab nyob rau hauv cov pa manifold thiab / los yog nyob rau hauv cov kav dej tom ntej.Lub kaum sab xis kav feem ntau yog siv los tig cov ndlwg ntawm gases vertically down los yog sideways thiab rov qab mus rau lub cav.Kev siv lub kaum sab xis kav tso cai rau koj los tsim ib qho kev tso tawm ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau teeb tsa kom yooj yim tso rau ntawm tus ncej lossis hauv qab lub tsheb lub cev.
Inlet yeeb nkab nrog bellows vibration compensator Inlet yeeb nkab nrog kev co
compensator nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hlau hose nrog ib tug braid
Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov kav dej nkag yog nqa tawm ntawm ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm lub qhov tso pa tawm:
● Nruab nrab ntawm cov pa tawm manifold, compensator thiab intake yeeb nkab;
● Nruab nrab ntawm lub turbocharger, compensator thiab intake yeeb nkab.
Hauv thawj kis, cov pa pa tawm los ntawm cov khoom siv nkag mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj yeem tig ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 30-90 degrees, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev vibration compensator (sib cais hauv pliaj lossis hlau hose) yog pub rau hauv cov yeeb nkab mus rau lub muffler ( catalyst, nplaim ntes, thiab lwm yam).Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, cov roj kub kub los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv turbine ib feem ntawm lub turbocharger, qhov uas lawv ib nrab tso lawv lub zog thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd tawm mus rau cov kav dej.Cov tswv yim no yog siv rau ntau lub tsheb thiab lwm yam khoom siv tsheb nrog turbocharged xyaw.
Hauv cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia, cov yeeb nkab tau txais kev sib txuas los ntawm nws lub qhov hluav taws xob sab nraud rau qhov kev co compensator, ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib feem nrog nws tus kheej flanges thiab fasteners.Xws li lub kaw lus tsis tshua muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj rau kev co, yog li niaj hnub no cov kav dej siv dav tshaj plaws yog kev sib koom ua ke txuas ntxiv.Lawv cov phiaj xwm kev sib txuas yog zoo ib yam rau cov uas tau hais los saum toj no, tab sis lawv tsis muaj cov neeg them nyiaj ywj pheej thiab lawv cov fasteners.
Kev txhim kho cov kav dej yog nqa tawm siv cov studs lossis bolts dhau los ntawm flanges.Kev sib khi ntawm cov pob qij txha yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev txhim kho gaskets ua los ntawm cov khoom tsis-combustible.
Yuav xaiv thiab hloov cov kav dej li cas
Cov yeeb nkab ntawm cov pa tso tawm yog raug rau cov thermal thiab mechanical loads, yog li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tsheb, nws yog cov feem ntau yuav tsum tau hloov vim deformations, tawg thiab burnouts.Kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov kav dej tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev nce qib ntawm lub suab nrov thiab kev vibrations ntawm lub tso pa tawm, thiab qee zaum los ntawm kev poob ntawm lub zog ntawm lub cav thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub turbocharger (xws li kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab yog cuam tshuam).Cov kav dej uas muaj cov kab nrib pleb, kub hnyiab thiab tawg (nrog rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke) yuav tsum tau hloov pauv.
Rau kev hloov pauv, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov yeeb nkab ntawm tib hom (tus lej catalog) uas tau teeb tsa ua ntej.Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv cov analogues, tsuav yog tias lawv sib haum mus rau qhov qub nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev teeb tsa qhov ntev thiab ntu ntu.Yog tias cov kav dej sib cais thiab cov pob qij txha txuas ntxiv tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsheb, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov khoom qub rau kev hloov pauv, txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsim nyog, lawv tuaj yeem hloov cov kav dej nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke.Kev hloov pauv rov qab kuj tseem siv tau, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tau ib txwm ua, txij li qhov no koj yuav tau siv cov fasteners ntxiv thiab cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, rau qhov kev tso kawm uas yuav tsis muaj qhov chaw dawb.
Kev hloov cov yeeb nkab yog ua raws li cov lus qhia rau kev kho lub tsheb.Feem ntau, txoj haujlwm no tsuas yog ua tiav: nws yog qhov txaus kom tshem tawm cov yeeb nkab (lossis cov nyiaj them rov qab) los ntawm cov yeeb nkab, thiab tom qab ntawd tshem cov yeeb nkab nws tus kheej los ntawm manifold / turbocharger.Txawm li cas los xij, cov haujlwm no feem ntau nyuaj los ntawm cov txiv ntseej lossis cov bolts, uas yuav tsum xub muab tshem tawm nrog kev pab los ntawm cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb.Thaum txhim kho cov yeeb nkab tshiab, tag nrho cov khoom muab sealing (gaskets) yuav tsum tau muab ntsia, txwv tsis pub lub kaw lus yuav tsis raug kaw.
Nrog rau kev xaiv kom raug thiab hloov cov kav dej kom zoo, lub tso pa tawm yuav ua tau zoo rau nws txoj haujlwm hauv txhua hom kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-14-2023