A cikin motoci, ana sanya ikon sarrafawa na na'urori masu taimako (alamomi masu nuni, hasken wuta, gilashin gilashi da sauransu) a cikin na'ura ta musamman - maɓallin motar motsa jiki.Karanta game da abin da masu canjawa paddle suke, yadda suke aiki da aiki, da zaɓin su da gyaran su a cikin labarin.
Menene mashin motsa jiki?
Paddle shifters ne masu sarrafawa na na'urorin lantarki daban-daban da tsarin motar, waɗanda aka yi su a cikin nau'i na levers kuma an ɗora su a kan ginshiƙin tutiya a ƙarƙashin motar.
Ana amfani da na'urorin motsa jiki don sarrafa waɗannan na'urorin lantarki da tsarin motar da ake amfani da su yayin tuki - alamomin jagora, fitilun kai, fitilun ajiye motoci da sauran kayan wuta, masu goge gilashin gilashi da gilashin gilashi, siginar sauti.Wurin da ke kunna waɗannan na'urori yana da fa'ida daga ra'ayi na ergonomics da amincin tuki: abubuwan sarrafawa koyaushe suna nan a hannu, lokacin amfani da su, ko dai ba a cire hannaye daga sitiyarin kwata-kwata, ko kuma an cire su kawai. na ɗan gajeren lokaci, direban ya rage damuwa, yana riƙe da sarrafa abin hawa da yanayin zirga-zirga na yanzu.
Nau'o'in masu motsi na filafili
Matsakaicin faifai sun bambanta da manufa, adadin sarrafawa (levers) da adadin matsayi.
Dangane da manufarsu, masu canza launin paddle sun kasu kashi biyu:
• Juya sigina;
• Maɓallai masu haɗawa.
Na'urori na nau'in farko an yi niyya ne kawai don sarrafa alamun jagora, a yau ana amfani da su da wuya (yafi don maye gurbin na'urori masu kama da su idan sun sami matsala a farkon samfuran motocin UAZ da wasu).Haɗaɗɗen sauyawa na iya sarrafa na'urori da tsarin daban-daban, su ne mafi yawan amfani da su a yau.
Dangane da adadin abubuwan sarrafawa, ana iya raba masu sauya sheƙa zuwa manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu:
• Single-lever - akwai lever ɗaya a cikin sauyawa, yana samuwa (a matsayin mai mulki) a gefen hagu na ginshiƙan tuƙi;
• Double-lever - akwai levers guda biyu a cikin sauyawa, suna samuwa a daya ko bangarorin biyu na ginshiƙi;
• Lever uku - akwai levers guda uku a cikin sauyawa, biyu suna a gefen hagu, ɗaya a gefen dama na ginshiƙi;
Lever ɗaya ko biyu tare da ƙarin sarrafawa akan levers.
Maɓalli na nau'ikan uku na farko suna da iko kawai a cikin nau'ikan levers waɗanda za su iya kunnawa da kashe na'urorin ta hanyar motsi a cikin jirgin sama a tsaye ko a kwance (wato baya da gaba da / ko sama da ƙasa).Na'urori na nau'i na hudu na iya ɗaukar ƙarin sarrafawa a cikin nau'i na juyawa ko maɓalli kai tsaye a kan levers.
Sauya Lever Biyu
Sauya Lever Uku
Ƙungiya ta daban ta ƙunshi na'urorin motsa jiki da aka sanya a cikin wasu manyan motocin gida da bas (KAMAZ, ZIL, PAZ da sauransu).Waɗannan na'urori suna da lever guda ɗaya don kunna alamun jagora (wanda yake a hagu) da ƙayyadaddun na'ura mai kwakwalwa (wanda yake a hannun dama), wanda akansa akwai jujjuyawar juyi don sarrafa na'urorin hasken wuta.
Dangane da adadin wuraren liba, ana iya raba maɓalli zuwa ƙungiyoyi uku:
• Matsayi uku - lever yana motsawa kawai a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya (sama da ƙasa ko baya da baya), yana ba da gyare-gyare guda biyu masu aiki da kuma "sifili" ɗaya (duk na'urori suna kashe);
• Jirgin sama mai matsayi biyar - lever yana motsawa ne kawai a cikin jirgi ɗaya ( sama-sama ko gaba-baya), yana ba da wurare masu aiki guda hudu, ƙayyadaddun biyu da biyu maras gyara (ana kunna na'urorin lokacin da aka riƙe lever a ciki). wadannan matsayi da hannu) matsayi, da kuma daya "sifili";
• Jirgin sama mai matsayi biyar - lever na iya motsawa a cikin jirage biyu ( sama-sama da gaba-baya), yana da kafaffen matsayi guda biyu a cikin kowane jirgin sama (jimlar matsayi hudu) da "sifili" daya;
• Bakwai-, takwas da tara matsayi biyu na jirgin sama - lever zai iya tafiya a cikin jirage biyu, yayin da a cikin jirgin daya yana da matsayi hudu ko biyar (ɗaya ko biyu daga cikinsu ba za a iya gyarawa ba), a cikin ɗayan - biyu. , uku ko hudu, daga cikinsu akwai kuma "sifili" da ɗaya ko biyu matsayi maras gyara.
A kan masu sauya sheƙa tare da maɓallan rotary da maɓallan da ke kan levers, adadin matsayi na iya bambanta.Sai dai kawai na’urar kunna sigina – galibin motoci na zamani suna sanye da na’urori masu mu’ujizai masu matsayi biyar, ko na’urar juya matsayi bakwai da sarrafa fitilun mota.
Ayyuka na masu canza launi
An ba wa masu sauya sheƙa aikin sarrafa na'urori na manyan ƙungiyoyi huɗu:
• Alamun jagora;
• Kayan gani na kai;
• Masu gogewa;
• Masu wanki na iska.
Hakanan, ana iya amfani da waɗannan maɓallan don sarrafa wasu na'urori:
• Fitilar hazo da hasken hazo na baya;
• Fitilolin gudu na rana, fitilun ajiye motoci, fitilun faranti, hasken dashboard;
•Ƙarar ƙara;
• Na'urorin taimako daban-daban.
Matsala na yau da kullun don kunna kayan kida tare da masu canjin filafili
Mafi sau da yawa, tare da taimakon lever na hagu (ko levers daban-daban guda biyu a gefen hagu), kunna alamomi da fitilolin mota suna kunna da kashewa (a cikin wannan yanayin, an riga an kunna katakon tsoma ta tsohuwa a cikin "sifili" matsayi). , Ana kunna babban katako ta hanyar canja wuri zuwa wasu wurare ko kuma an yi alama mai girma).Tare da taimakon lever na dama, ana sarrafa masu goge gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashin gilashi da na baya.Ana iya samun maɓallin ƙararrawa a kan ɗaya ko duka biyu a lokaci ɗaya, an shigar da shi, a matsayin mai mulkin, a ƙarshe.
Zane na paddle shifters
A tsari, madaidaicin motsi na filafili ya haɗu da nodes huɗu:
• Maɓallin matsayi mai yawa tare da lambobin lantarki don haɗi zuwa hanyoyin sarrafawa na na'urori masu dacewa;
• Sarrafa - levers akan waɗanne maɓalli, zobe ko na'urorin rotary za a iya samun su kuma (yayin da maɓallan su ke cikin jikin lefa);
• Gidaje tare da sassa don haɗa mai canzawa zuwa ginshiƙin tuƙi;
• Bi da bi na sigina, na'urar don kashe mai nuni ta atomatik lokacin da sitiyarin ke juyawa a kishiyar hanya.
A cikin zuciyar dukan zane shine sauyawar matsayi mai yawa tare da lambobin sadarwa, lambobin sadarwar da aka rufe su ta hanyar lambobi a kan lever lokacin da aka canza shi zuwa matsayi mai dacewa.Lever na iya motsawa a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya a hannun riga ko a cikin jirage biyu lokaci ɗaya a cikin haɗin ƙwallon ƙafa.Maɓallin siginar juyawa yana cikin hulɗa tare da sandar tuƙi ta na'ura ta musamman, tana bin hanyar juyawa.A cikin mafi sauƙi, yana iya zama abin nadi na roba tare da ratchet ko wata hanyar da ke da alaƙa da lefa.Lokacin da aka kunna alamar jagora, ana kawo abin nadi zuwa mashin tuƙi, lokacin da shaft ɗin ya juya zuwa siginar kunnawa, abin nadi yana jujjuyawa tare da shi kawai, lokacin da shaft ɗin ya juya baya, abin nadi ya canza yanayin juyawa ya dawo. lever zuwa matsayi na sifili (yana kashe alamar jagora).
Don mafi girman dacewa, ana yin manyan abubuwan sarrafawa na motsi na paddle a cikin nau'i na levers.Wannan zane ya faru ne saboda wurin da ke canzawa a ƙarƙashin motar motar da kuma buƙatar kawo masu sarrafawa zuwa mafi kyawun nisa zuwa hannun direba.Levers na iya samun nau'i-nau'i da zane-zane iri-iri, suna nuna aikin tare da taimakon hotuna.
Batutuwa na zaɓi da gyaran gyare-gyare na paddle
Ta hanyar masu canja wurin, ana sarrafa na'urori da tsare-tsare masu mahimmanci don tuki lafiya, don haka aiki da gyaran waɗannan abubuwan dole ne a tunkari su cikin gaskiya.Kunna levers da kashewa ba tare da wuce kima da ƙarfi ba - wannan zai tsawaita rayuwar sabis.A farkon alamar rashin aiki - rashin yiwuwar kunna wasu na'urori, rashin kwanciyar hankali na waɗannan na'urori (kunnawa ko kashewa yayin tuki), crunching lokacin kunna levers, cunkoso na levers, da dai sauransu - dole ne masu sauyawa su kasance. gyara ko maye gurbinsu da wuri-wuri.
Matsalolin da aka fi sani da waɗannan na'urori shine oxidation, nakasawa da karyewar lambobi.Ana iya kawar da waɗannan nakasu ta hanyar tsaftacewa ko daidaita lambobin sadarwa.Koyaya, idan rashin aiki ya faru a cikin canjin kanta, to yana da ma'ana don maye gurbin gabaɗayan kumburi.Don maye gurbin, ya kamata ku sayi waɗannan ƙira da lambobin kasida na masu canja sheƙa waɗanda masu kera abin hawa suka ayyana.Ta zabar wasu nau'ikan na'urori, kuna haɗarin kashe kuɗi kawai, tunda sabon canji ba zai maye gurbin tsohon ba kuma ba zai yi aiki ba.
Tare da zaɓin da ya dace da kuma aiki mai hankali, mai juyawa na paddle zai yi aiki da dogara ga shekaru masu yawa, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da amincin motar.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-21-2023