Likoloi tse nang le hydraulic braking system, li-cylinders tse kholo le tsa mabili li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa.Bala ka hore na brake cylinder ke eng, ke mefuta efe ea li-cylinders tse teng, hore na li hlophisitsoe joang le hore na li sebetsa joang, hammoho le khetho e nepahetseng, tlhokomelo le tokiso ea likarolo tsena sehloohong.
Brake cylinder - mesebetsi, mefuta, likarolo
Brake cylinder ke lebitso le akaretsang la taolo le li-activator tsa li-brake system tsa likoloi tse khannoang ka metsi.Ho na le lisebelisoa tse peli tse fapaneng ka moralo le sepheo:
• Brake master cylinder (GTZ);
• Li-cylinders tsa brake tsa mabili (tse sebetsang).
GTZ ke karolo ea taolo ea sistimi eohle ea brake, li-cylinders ke li-actuator tse tsamaisang mariki a lebili ka kotloloho.
GTZ e rarolla mathata a 'maloa:
• Phetoho ea matla a mochine ho tloha ho pedal pedal ho ea khatellong ea mokelikeli o sebetsang, o lekaneng ho khanna li-actuator;
• Ho netefatsa boemo bo sa feleng ba mokelikeli o sebetsang tsamaisong;
• Ho boloka tšebetso ea mariki ha ho ka ba le tahlehelo ea ho tiea, ho lutla le maemong a mang;
• Ho nolofatsa ho khanna (ka brake booster).
Li-cylinders tsa makhoba li na le ts'ebetso e le 'ngoe ea bohlokoa - ho khanna ha mariki a lebili ha u pshatla koloi.Hape, likarolo tsena li fana ka phaello e fokolang ea GTZ sebakeng sa eona sa pele ha koloi e lokolloa.
Palo le sebaka sa li-cylinders li itšetlehile ka mofuta oa koloi le palo ea li-axles.Brake master cylinder ke e 'ngoe, empa e na le likarolo tse ngata.Palo ea li-cylinders tse sebetsang e ka lekana le palo ea mabili, ka makhetlo a mabeli kapa a mararo ho feta (ha u kenya li-cylinders tse peli kapa tse tharo holim'a lebili).
Ho hokahanya ha mariki a mabili ho GTZ ho ipapisitse le mofuta oa koloi.
Ka likoloi tse hulang ka morao:
• Potoloho ea pele - mabili a ka pele;
• Potoloho ea bobeli ke mabili a ka morao.
Setšoantšo se tloaelehileng sa tsamaiso ea brake ea koloi
Khokahano e kopantsoeng e ka khoneha: haeba ho na le li-cylinders tse peli tse sebetsang lebiling le leng le le leng le ka pele, e 'ngoe ea tsona e hokahane le potoloho ea pele, ea bobeli ho ea ho ea bobeli, e sebetsa hammoho le mariki a ka morao.
Likoloi tse hulang ka pele:
• Potoloho ea pele - mabili a ka pele a ka pele le a ka morao;
• Potoloho ea bobeli - mabili a ka pele le a ka ho le letona a ka morao.
Litlhophiso tse ling tsa braking li ka sebelisoa, empa merero e kaholimo ke eona e atileng haholo.
Moralo le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea brake master cylinder
Li-cylinders tse kholo li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli ho latela palo ea lipotoloho (likarolo):
• Potoloho e le 'ngoe;
• Ho potoloha habeli.
Li-cylinders tsa potoloho e le 'ngoe ha li sebelisoe kajeno, li ka fumanoa likoloing tse ling tsa khale.Boholo ba likoloi tsa sejoale-joale li na le li-circuit tse peli tsa "GTZ" - ha e le hantle, tsena ke li-cylinders tse peli 'meleng o le mong tse sebetsang ho li-circuits tse ikemetseng.Sistimi ea braking ea li-circuit tse peli e sebetsa hantle, e ka tšeptjoa ebile e bolokehile.
Hape, li-cylinders tse kholo li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli ho latela boteng ba brake booster:
• Ntle le amplifier;
• Ka vacuum brake booster.
Likoloi tsa sejoale-joale li na le GTZ e nang le "vacuum brake booster" e kopaneng, e thusang ho laola le ho eketsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi eohle.
Moralo oa "brake booster" o ka sehloohong o bonolo.E thehiloe holim'a 'mele oa cylindrical, oo ho oona ho nang le li-pistons tse peli tse kentsoeng ka mor'a tse ling - li theha likarolo tse sebetsang.Piston e ka pele e kopantsoe ke molamu ho brake booster kapa ka ho toba ho brake pedal, piston e ka morao ha e na kamano e thata le e ka pele, pakeng tsa bona ho na le molamu o khutšoanyane le selemo.Karolong e ka holimo ea silinda, ka holim'a karolo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe, ho na le litsela tsa ho pota-pota le matšeliso, 'me phala e le' ngoe kapa tse peli li tsoa karolong ka 'ngoe bakeng sa ho hokahanya le lipotoloho tse sebetsang.Letamo la brake fluid le kentsoe holim'a cylinder, le hokahantsoe le likarolo ho sebelisoa li-bypass le liteishene tsa matšeliso.
GTZ e sebetsa ka tsela e latelang.Ha u hatella pedal ea brake, piston e ka pele e fetoha, e thibela mocha oa matšeliso, ka lebaka leo potoloho e tiisitsoeng 'me khatello ea mokelikeli o sebetsang e eketseha ho eona.Ho eketseha ha khatello ho etsa hore piston e ka morao e tsamaee, e boetse e koala mocha oa matšeliso le ho hatella mokelikeli o sebetsang.Ha li-piston li ntse li tsamaea, likanale tsa bypass ka har'a silinda li lula li bulehile, kahoo mokelikeli o sebetsang o tlatsa ka bolokolohi likoti tse entsoeng ka mor'a li-piston.Ka lebaka leo, khatello ea lipotoloho tse peli tsa tsamaiso ea brake ea eketseha, tlas'a tšusumetso ea khatello ena, li-cylinders tsa mabili li tsosoa, li sutumetsa liphahlo - koloi e lieha.
Ha leoto la pedal le tlosoa, li-piston li atisa ho khutlela sebakeng sa tsona sa pele (sena se fanoa ke liliba), 'me liliba tse khutlang tsa liphahlo tse hatellang li-cylinders tse sebetsang le tsona li kenya letsoho ho sena.Leha ho le joalo, mokelikeli o sebetsang o kenang ka har'a likoti ka mor'a li-piston tsa GTZ ka li-bypass channel ha o lumelle li-piston ho khutlela hang-hang sebakeng sa tsona sa pele - ka lebaka la sena, ho lokolloa ha mariki ho bonolo, 'me tsamaiso e sebetsa ka botšepehi haholoanyane.Ha u khutlela sebakeng sa ho qala, li-piston li bula mocha oa matšeliso, ka lebaka leo khatello ea lipotoloho tse sebetsang e bapisoa le khatello ea sepakapaka.Ha brake pedal e lokolloa, mokelikeli o sebetsang o tsoang letamong o kena ka bolokolohi lipotolohong, e leng ho lefella ho fokotseha ha mokelikeli ka lebaka la ho lutla kapa ka mabaka a mang.
Moralo oa "brake master cylinder" o netefatsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi haeba ho na le ho lutla ha mokelikeli o sebetsang ho e 'ngoe ea lipotoloho.Haeba ho tsuba ho hlaha potolohong e ka sehloohong, joale piston ea potoloho ea bobeli e khannoa ka ho toba ho tloha piston ea potoloho e ka sehloohong - molamu o khethehileng o fanoa bakeng sa sena.Haeba ho lutla ho etsahala potolohong ea bobeli, joale ha u hatella pedal ea brake, piston ena e lutse qetellong ea silinda mme e fana ka keketseho ea khatello ea mokelikeli potolohong ea mantlha.Maemong ana ka bobeli, leeto la pedal le eketseha mme ts'ebetso ea braking e fokotseha hanyane, ka hona, ho se sebetse hantle ho tlameha ho felisoa kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang.
Vacuum brake booster e boetse e na le moralo o bonolo.E thehiloe holim'a 'mele oa cylindrical o tiisitsoeng, o arotsoe ka lera ka likamoreng tse peli - vacuum e ka morao le sepakapaka se ka pele.Kamore ea vacuum e hokahane le mefuta e mengata ea enjene, kahoo khatello e fokotsehileng e thehoa ho eona.Kamore ea sepakapaka e hokahane ka mocha ho ea ho vacuum, hape e hokahane le sepakapaka.Likamore li arotsoe ke valve e behiloeng holim'a diaphragm, molamu o feta har'a amplifier eohle, e hokahaneng le "brake pedal" ka lehlakoreng le leng, 'me e lutse holim'a silinda e kholo ea brake ka ho le leng.
Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea amplifier ke o latelang.Ha pedal e sa hatelloa, likamore ka bobeli li buisana ka valve, khatello e tlaase e bonoa ho tsona, kopano eohle ha e sebetse.Ha matla a sebelisoa ho pedal, valve e khaola likamore 'me ka nako e ts'oanang e kopanya kamore e ka pele ho sepakapaka - ka lebaka leo, khatello e ho eona ea eketseha.Ka lebaka la phapang ea khatello ka har'a likamore, diaphragm e atisa ho fallela kamoreng ea vacuum - sena se etsa hore ho be le matla a eketsehileng holim'a kutu.Ka tsela ena, vacuum booster e etsa hore ho be bonolo ho laola mariki ka ho fokotsa ho hanyetsa ha pedal ha u e hatella.
Moralo le molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso ea li-cylinders tsa brake
Li-cylinders tsa makhoba li arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli:
• Bakeng sa mariki a lebili la moropa;
• Bakeng sa mariki a lebili la disc.
Li-cylinders tsa makhoba a li-drum brakes ke likarolo tse ikemetseng tse kentsoeng pakeng tsa li-pads le ho netefatsa hore li atolosoa nakong ea braking.Li-cylinders tse sebetsang tsa li-brake tsa li-disk li kopantsoe ka har'a li-brake calipers, li fana ka khatello ea liphahlo ho disc nakong ea ho senya.Ka sebopeho, likarolo tsena li na le phapang e kholo.
Lebili Brake cylinder ea drum mariki tabeng e bonolo ka ho fetisisa ke tube ('mele o lahliloeng) e nang le lipiston tse kentsoeng ho tloha lipheletsong, pakeng tsa moo ho nang le sekoti bakeng sa mokelikeli o sebetsang.Ka ntle, li-piston li na le libaka tse phunyeletsang bakeng sa ho hokahanya le liphahlo, ho sireletsa khahlanong le tšilafalo, li-piston li koetsoe ka li-caps tsa elastic.Hape ka ntle ho na le sebaka se loketseng bakeng sa ho hokahanya le tsamaiso ea mariki.
Brake cylinder ea disc brakes ke cylindrical cavity ka har'a caliper eo piston e kenngoa ho eona ka O-ring.Ka lehlakoreng le ka morao la piston ho na le mocha o nang le mokhoa o loketseng oa ho hokahanya le potoloho ea tsamaiso ea mariki.Caliper e ka ba le li-cylinders tse tharo tsa bophara bo fapaneng.
Li-cylinders tsa brake li sebetsa habonolo.Ha braking, khatello ea potoloho e eketseha, mokelikeli o sebetsang o kena ka har'a cylinder cavity ebe o sutumetsa piston.Lipiston tsa moqomo oa brake cylinder li sutumetsoa ka mahlakoreng a fapaneng, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tsona e khanna pad ea eona.Li-caliper pistons li tsoa ka har'a likoti tsa tsona ebe li hatella (ka ho toba kapa ka mokhoa o sa tobang, ka mochine o khethehileng) pad ho ea moropa.Ha braking e emisa, khatello ea potoloho e fokotseha 'me ka nako e itseng matla a liliba tse khutlang a lekana ho khutlisetsa li-piston sebakeng sa tsona sa pele - koloi e lokolloa.
Ho khetha, ho nkela sebaka le tlhokomelo ea li-cylinders tsa brake
Ha u khetha likarolo tseo ho buuoang ka tsona, ho hlokahala hore u khomarele ka tieo litlhahiso tsa moetsi oa koloi.Ha u kenya li-cylinders tsa mofuta o fapaneng kapa mofuta o fapaneng, mariki a ka 'na a senyeha, e leng ntho e sa amoheleheng.
Nakong ea ts'ebetso, li-cylinders tsa monghali le tsa makhoba ha li hloke tlhokomelo e khethehileng 'me li sebeletsa ntle le mathata ka lilemo tse ngata.Haeba ts'ebetso ea li-brake kapa tsamaiso eohle e senyeha, hoa hlokahala ho hlahloba li-cylinders, 'me haeba li sa sebetse hantle, li nke sebaka feela.Hape, nako le nako o hloka ho lekola boemo ba mokelikeli oa brake ka letamong mme, ha ho hlokahala, o tlatse hape.
Nako ea poso: Aug-21-2023