Ezinjinini ezinama-valve aphezulu kanye namanye amadivaysi esikhathi, kunikezwa ikhava, efakwe ekhanda le-cylinder nge-gasket.Funda mayelana nokuthi iyini i-valve cover gasket, ukuthi iyini izinhlobo nokuthi isebenza kanjani, kanye nokukhetha kwayo okulungile nokushintshwa, funda isihloko.
Iyini i-valve cover gasket?
I-gasket yesembozo se-valve (i-cylinder head cover gasket) iyisici esivalayo sezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezinama-valve aphezulu omshini wokusabalalisa igesi;I-Elastic gasket yokuvala ivolumu embozwe isembozo sekhanda lesilinda esifakwe ekhanda lesilinda.
I-gasket yekhava yekhanda yesilinda yenza imisebenzi eminingana:
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwesivalo ekhanda;
- Ukuvala ivolumu embozwe yisivalo ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwamafutha;
- Ukuvikelwa kwezingxenye ze-valve namafutha ekungcoleni (kusuka kukungcola, uthuli, amagesi okukhipha umoya, njll.).
I-gasket yekhava ye-valve ayiyona ingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kwenjini - ngaphandle kwayo, iyunithi yamandla izosebenza ngokuphelele.Kodwa-ke, iqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwenjini, ukuphepha kwayo emlilweni (ukuvimbela ukuvuza kwamafutha nokuwuthola ezingxenyeni ezishisayo - i-exhaust manifold nabanye) kanye nokugcinwa kalula.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-gasket inomthelela ekugcineni ukuhlanzeka nezici zamafutha enjini.Ngakho-ke, uma ukuvuza kuvela ngaphansi kwesembozo, i-gasket kufanele ishintshwe, futhi ukuze wenze ukukhetha okufanele, kufanele uqonde izinhlobo, izici nezici zalezi zingxenye.
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nezici ze-valve cover gaskets
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni, wonke ama-gaskets ekhava ye-valve anedivayisi efanayo ngokomgomo.Lena ingxenye eyisicaba enwebekayo ephinda ukuma kwendiza yokunamathela kwekhava ekhanda le-cylinder, futhi inezimbobo zokubopha nezinye izingxenye.I-gasket ibekwe ngaphansi kwesembozo, futhi ngenxa yokunwebeka kwayo, ivala igebe phakathi kwesivalo kanye nekhanda le-cylinder (ukugcwalisa ama-micro-irregularities kanye nokunxephezela ukuphambuka okuncane kwezindawo zabo ze-butt kusuka endizeni), iqinisekisa ukuvalwa kwayo.
Kulokhu, ama-gaskets angaba nomklamo ohlukile:
● Okuphelele (okunganqamuki) - i-gasket annular noma i-gasket yesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi (isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezembozo zezinjini ezinama-camshafts amabili ekhanda le-cylinder) ngaphandle kokuphuka, okuvele kufakwe ngaphansi kwesembozo;
● I-Composite - i-gasket enezikhala kanye nezinto ezifakiwe zokuvala i-camshaft inlet noma ezinye izingxenye;
● Qedela - ngaphezu kwe-gasket eyinhloko, ikhithi ingase ihlanganise izimpawu ezengeziwe ze-O-ring zemithombo yamakhandlela nezinye izimbobo esivalweni.
Isembozo se-valve nge-gasket kanye nendawo yabo kuyunithi yamandla
Ama-gaskets ekhava e-valve angahlukaniswa abe yizinhlobo eziningana ngokusho kwempahla yokukhiqiza nokusebenza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zekhanda le-cylinder.
Ngokwezinto zokwenziwa kwama-gaskets yilezi:
● Irabha;
● Irabha-ukhokho;
● I-Paronite;
● Ikhadibhodi.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwemikhiqizo lwenziwa ngesisekelo senjoloba engavimbeli ukushisa futhi engamelana namafutha, eguqulwa ngezengezo kanye ne-vulcanization elandelayo.
Isembozo se-rubber gasket valve
I-gasket yenjoloba yenziwe ngamabanga ahlukahlukene enjoloba, iyona enwebeka kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yokushiyeka kwezinto ezikhiqizwayo, ingashintsha kakhulu izici zayo ngesikhathi sokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa (ithambisa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ibe nokunwebeka kancane emakhazeni. ) futhi ngokuvamile inokuqina okuncane.
Ama-rubber cork gaskets enziwa ngesisekelo senjoloba, lapho i-granular cork noma ezinye izigcwalisi ezinama-porous zengezwa.Izinto ezinjalo zihlinzeka ngezinga eliphezulu lokuvala uphawu nokudlidliza, kodwa ama-gaskets enziwe ngawo adinga kakhulu izinga lokufakwa nokufakwa kwekhava, ngokuvamile adinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe nge-sealant ye-liquid futhi abe nempilo yesevisi elinganiselwe.
Isembozo se-rubber plug gasket valve
I-Paronite gaskets yenziwe nge-paronite, into esekelwe enjoloba enezithako ezihlukahlukene zamaminerali, ezibuye zibunjwe futhi zivuthwe.I-Paronite ingaba i-asbestos futhi ingabi ne-asbestos, kodwa namuhla abakhiqizi bayakuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwe-asbestos ukuze bakhethe izinto eziphephile.Futhi, ama-paronite gaskets angaba ajwayelekile angaqinisiwe futhi aqiniswe ngocingo lwensimbi, ithini elincane eline-perforated, njll. I-paronite gaskets yama-cylinder head cover asetshenziswa kakhulu namuhla ngenxa yokuthembeka kwawo okuphezulu, ukumelana namathonya amabi kanye nezimfanelo ezinhle zokuvala uphawu.
Amaphedi ekhadibhodi enziwe ngamamaki akhethekile ephepha eliwugqinsi acutshunguliwe ukuze athole ukumelana namafutha, uphethiloli, amanzi kanye namanye amathonya amabi.Lawa ma-gaskets ashibhile, kodwa angathembeki kancane, ngakho namuhla asetshenziswa ezinjinini ezilula.
Ngokusho kokusebenza kwe-gasket ye-valve cover, ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili:
● Kumakhanda amasilinda ajwayelekile - izinjini ezikulayini nezimise okwe-V ezinekhanda elivamile nekhava yawo wonke noma umugqa owodwa wamasilinda;
● Okwamakhanda amasilinda ahlukene - ezinjinini ezinamakhanda ngamanye namakhava esilinda ngalinye.
Ngokwesakhiwo, ama-gaskets amakhanda avamile futhi ahlukene awahlukani, anobukhulu obuhlukene kuphela bezembozo ezihambisanayo.
I-cylinder head cover gaskets ikhiqizwa ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zama-automakers, futhi ingahambisana nezindinganiso zasekhaya i-GOST 481-80, GOST 15180-86 nabanye.
Izinkinga zokukhetha kanye nokushintshwa kwe-valve cover gasket
I-valve cover gasket iyingxenye ebalulekile, kodwa ihlala isikhathi esifushane futhi ngokuvamile idinga ukushintshwa.Ngokuvamile, ukushintshwa kwe-gasket kwenziwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
● Ukubonakala kokuvuza kwamafutha ngaphansi kwesivalo (lokhu kubonisa umonakalo noma ukucekelwa phansi kwe-gasket ngenxa yethonya lemishini namakhemikhali, noma ngenxa yezinqubo zemvelo zokuguga);
● Ngokulungiswa ngakunye kwendlela yokusabalalisa igesi;
● Esimeni lapho kulungiswa kabusha iyunithi yamandla noma ukushintshwa kwezingxenye zayo ngazinye noma ama-assemblies - ikhanda lesilinda, amakhava amavalvu nokunye;
● Ngokulungiswa okujwayelekile, uma kuhlinzekwa ngumkhiqizi wenjini.
Ukuze ushintshe, kufanele ukhethe i-gasket eyenzelwe lolu hlobo oluthile kanye nemodeli yeyunithi yamandla, ngoba izingxenye zamanye ama-motor ngeke nje zilingane ngosayizi nokucushwa.Kodwa-ke, kunezinketho zokukhetha izinto zokwakha i-gasket.Ezimotweni ezintsha ngaphansi kwewaranti, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-gasket eyenziwe ngezinto ezichazwe umenzi, kulokhu, ukushintshwa kwengxenye kufanele kuthenjwa kuphela ochwepheshe.
Kwezinye izimoto, ungakhetha i-gasket eyenziwe ngenjoloba, i-paronite noma i-rubber stopper - ngokuyisisekelo, ama-gaskets anamuhla alinganiselwe ngokwezimpawu, ngakho-ke wonke anezici ezifanayo.Yiqiniso, lapha udinga ukukhumbula ngezimfanelo zamandla kanye nokulula kokufakwa kwama-gaskets enziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene.Isibonelo, ama-paronite gaskets aqinile kakhulu, ngakho-ke alula ukuyifaka, futhi imikhiqizo ye-rubber cork, ngokuphambene nalokho, ikhubazekile kalula futhi idabukile, ngakho ukufakwa kwayo kunzima kakhulu futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ukushintshwa kwe-gasket ye-cylinder head cover kumele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa imoto.Ngokuvamile, lo msebenzi ufinyelela kulokhu okulandelayo:
1.Dismantle imishini evimbela ukufinyelela kwesembozo se-valve - susa isihlungi, susa amapayipi ahlukahlukene;
2.Susa ikhava, susa i-gasket endala, hlanza izindawo zokugcwalisa zekhava kanye nekhanda le-cylinder;
3.Faka i-gasket entsha;
4.Faka ikhava, qinisa amabhawodi ngendlela efanele - unqamule ukusuka phakathi nendawo ukuya emaphethelweni.
Ukuze kufakwe ezinye izinhlobo zama-gaskets, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ugcobe indawo engaphezulu yekhanda le-cylinder kanye nesembozo, futhi ngemva kokufakwa, ukwethula i-sealant kwezinye izindawo (noma ukuphatha ukuhlangana kwezingxenye ngayo) - lokhu kuboniswa ngokuqondile imiyalelo.Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwe-gasket, lapho ifakwe ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela ekuqiniseni ama-bolts futhi ngaphandle kwamanye amaphutha, ivolumu ngaphansi kwesembozo izovalwa ngokuthembekile, ngakho-ke injini izohlala ihlanzekile, futhi indlela ye-valve izoba. ivikelwe emathonyeni ahlukahlukene amabi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023