Kwiinkqubo zokupholisa iinjini zanamhlanje, iiyunithi zisetyenziselwa ukuhlawulela ukwanda kwe-thermal kunye nokuvuza kwamanzi - iitanki zokwandisa.Funda konke malunga neetanki zokwandisa, injongo yazo, ukuyila kunye neempawu, kunye nokukhetha okuchanekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwale nxalenye kwinqaku.
Yintoni itanki yokwandisa?
Itanki yokwandisa - iyunithi yenkqubo yokupholisa ulwelo kwiinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi;Inqanawa eyilwe ngokukodwa eyenzelwe ukuhlawula ukuvuza kunye nokwandiswa kobushushu besipholisi esijikelezayo kwinkqubo.
Amatanki okwandisa asetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo zezithuthi, iitrektara kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa: kwi-power steering (i-power steering) nakwi-hydraulic systems ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokwenjongo kunye nokuyila, ezi tanki zifana neetanki zenkqubo yokupholisa, kwaye iimpawu zabo ezihlukeneyo zichazwe ngezantsi.
Itanki yokwandisa yenza imisebenzi emininzi:
● Imbuyekezo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal yesisipholisi xa i-injini ishushu kakhulu - ulwelo olugqithileyo luphuma kwisixokelelwano lusiya kwitanki, luthintela ukukhula koxinzelelo;
● Imbuyekezo yokuvuza okupholisayo - unikezelo oluthile lolwelo luhlala lugcinwe kwitanki, oluthi, ukuba luyimfuneko, lungena kwisistim (emva kokukhululwa kolwelo, umoya ngexesha lokufudumala, xa kukho ukuvuza okuncinci, njl.);
● Ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba lokupholisa kwisixokelelwano (usebenzisa amanqaku afanelekileyo kumzimba wetanki kunye nesivamvo esakhelwe ngaphakathi).
Ubukho betanki kwinkqubo yokupholisa ulwelo kungenxa yeempawu kunye neempawu ezibonakalayo zesipholisi - amanzi okanye i-antifreeze.Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-liquid, ngokuhambelana ne-coefficient yayo yokwandiswa kwe-thermal, inyuka kwivolumu, ekhokelela ekunyuseni koxinzelelo kwinkqubo.Ngokunyuka okugqithisileyo kweqondo lokushisa, i-liquid (ingakumbi amanzi) inokubilisa - kule meko, uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lukhutshwa emoyeni ngokusebenzisa i-valve ye-steam eyakhelwe kwiplagi ye-radiator.Nangona kunjalo, ngokupholisa okulandelayo kwe-injini, ulwelo lufumana umthamo oqhelekileyo, kwaye ekubeni inxalenye yalo yalahleka ngexesha lokukhutshwa komphunga, uxinzelelo kwinkqubo yehla - ngokuncipha okugqithisileyo koxinzelelo, ivalve yomoya eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. iplagi ye-radiator ivula, uxinzelelo kwinkqubo luhambelana ne-atmospheric.Kule meko, umoya ungena kwinkqubo, enokuthi ibe nefuthe elibi - iiplagi zomoya zenza iibhubhu ze-radiator ezithintela ukujikeleza kwamanzi okuqhelekileyo.Ngoko emva kokuphuma komphunga, kuyimfuneko ukuzalisa inqanaba lamanzi okanye i-antifreeze.
Ii-Antifreezes zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zine-coefficient ephezulu yokwandiswa kwe-thermal xa kuthelekiswa namanzi, ngoko ke iinkqubo ezichazwe ngasentla zenzeka kakhulu.Ukuphelisa le miphumo emibi, itanki yokwandisa edibeneyo kwi-radiator ifakwe kwinkqubo yokupholisa.Xa iqondo lobushushu linyuka, ulwelo olugqithisileyo lukhutshwa nje kwitanki, kwaye xa injini ipholile, ibuyela kwisistim.Oku kwandisa kakhulu umda wokukhuphela umphunga emoyeni kwaye kwandisa isithuba phakathi kokuzaliswa kwakhona kwinqanaba lolwelo kwinkqubo.
Itanki yokwandisa idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwenkqubo yokupholisa kunye neyunithi yonke yamandla, ngoko ke xa kukho nayiphi na into engasebenzi kakuhle, kufuneka itshintshwe.Ukukhetha itanki elungileyo kwaye wenze ngokuchanekileyo ukulungiswa, kufuneka uqale uqonde iintlobo ezikhoyo kunye neempawu zala macandelo.
Uyilo kunye neempawu zamatanki okwandisa
Amatanki okwandisa asetyenziswayo namhlanje anoyilo olufana ngokusisiseko, olulula.Esi singxobo esinomthamo ongekho ngaphezu kwe-3 - 5 iilitha, imilo yayo elungiselelwe ukubekwa kwi-injini yemoto.Okwangoku, ezona zixhaphakileyo ngamatanki enziwe ngeplastiki emhlophe eguquguqukayo, kodwa iimveliso zetsimbi zikwathengiswa (njengomthetho, kwiimoto zakudala zasekhaya iVAZ, iGAZ kunye nezinye iilori).Kukho izinto ezininzi kwi-tank:
● Intamo yokuzalisa, ivalwe ngeplagi ene-steam kunye neevalve zomoya;
● Ukufakela ukudibanisa umbhobho osuka kwirediyetha yokupholisa injini;
● Ukuzikhethela - ukulungelelaniswa kombhobho ovela kwi-thermostat;
● Ukuzikhethela - ukulungelelaniswa kombhobho ovela kwi-radiator ye-heater cabin;
● Ngokuzikhethela - intamo yokufakela inzwa yezinga lokupholisa.
Inkqubo yokupholisa injini kunye nendawo yetanki yokwandisa kuyo
Ngaloo ndlela, kuyo nayiphi na itanki kufuneka kubekho intamo yokuzalisa ngeplagi kunye nokulungelelaniswa kokudibanisa i-hose ukusuka kwi-radiator enkulu yokupholisa iyunithi yamandla.Lo mbhobho ubizwa ngokuba ngumbhobho wokukhupha umphunga, ekubeni isisipholisi esishushu kunye nomphunga zikhutshwa kwiradiyetha ngawo.Ngolu lungelelwaniso, ukufakwa kufakwe kwindawo esezantsi yetanki.Esi sesona sisombululo silula, kodwa imbuyekezo yokuvuza okupholisayo yenziwa nge-radiator, ethi kwezinye iimeko inciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokupholisa.
Kwiitanki ezininzi, i-hose isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa kwi-thermostat, kulo mzekelo i-hose yokukhupha i-steam ixhunywe kwindawo engaphezulu yetanki (kwenye yeendonga zayo ezisecaleni), ukulungelelaniswa kokudibanisa kwisifudumezi. iradiyetha inendawo efanayo.Kwaye umbhobho oya kwi-thermostat uyasuswa kwi-fitting ezantsi kwetanki.Olu luyilo lubonelela ngokuzaliswa ngcono kwenkqubo yokupholisa kunye nolwelo olusebenzayo olusuka kwitanki, ngokubanzi, inkqubo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokuthembekileyo.
Phantse zonke iitanki zokwandisa zanamhlanje zisebenzisa i-sensor yezinga le-liquid eyakhelwe kwintamo eyenziwe ngokukodwa.Uninzi luhlala luyi-alamu yoyilo olulula, oluchaza ukuhla okubalulekileyo kwinqanaba lokupholisa, kodwa, ngokungafaniyo ne-sensor yezinga le-fuel, ayazisi malunga nomthamo wangoku wolwelo kwinkqubo.Inzwa ixhunyiwe kwisalathisi esihambelanayo kwideshibhodi yemoto.
Iplagi yetanki yokwandisa ngeevalvu ezahlukileyo
Iplagi yetanki yokwandisa, njengeplagi yeradiyetha engundoqo, ineevalvu ezakhelwe ngaphakathi: umphunga (uxinzelelo oluphezulu) ukuthomalalisa uxinzelelo xa isisipholisi sishushu ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nomoya ukulinganisa uxinzelelo kwinkqubo xa iphola.Ezi zivalo eziqhelekileyo ezilayishwe entwasahlobo ezibangelwa xa uxinzelelo oluthile ngaphakathi kwitanki lufikelelwe - xa uxinzelelo lukhula, i-valve ye-steam ikhutshwe, xa uxinzelelo luyancipha, i-valve yomoya.Iivalve zinokufumaneka ngokwahlukileyo okanye zidityaniswe kwisakhiwo esinye.
I-Radiator kunye neplagi yetanki yokwandisa kunye neevalvu ezidibeneyo ezibekwe kwi-axis efanayo
Itanki ifakwe kwi-injini ye-injini kufuphi ne-radiator, idibanisa kuyo kunye namanye amacandelo ngokusebenzisa i-hoses ye-rubber ye-cross-sections eyahlukeneyo.Itanki iphakanyiswe kancinane ngaphezu kweradiyetha (ngokuqhelekileyo umgca ophakathi uhambelana nenqanaba eliphezulu le-radiator), eliqinisekisa ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kolwelo (ngobunzima) ukusuka kwitanki ukuya kwi-radiator kunye / okanye kwizindlu ze-thermostat.I-tank kunye ne-radiator yenza inkqubo yemikhumbi yokunxibelelana, ngoko ke inqanaba le-liquid kwi-tank linokuqikelelwa kwinqanaba lolwelo kwi-radiator.Ukulawula, isikali okanye amanqaku ahlukeneyo anezikhombisi "Min" kunye ne "Max" ingasetyenziswa kumzimba wetanki.
Iitanki zokwandiswa kweenkqubo zokulawula amandla kunye ne-hydraulics zinoyilo olufanayo, kodwa zenziwe kuphela ngetsimbi, njengoko zisebenza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu.Kwakhona kula macandelo akukho zinzwa zenqanaba kunye namanqaku, kodwa iplagi ixhotyiswe ngeevalvu ukulinganisa uxinzelelo kwinkqubo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo.Imibhobho idityaniswe kusetyenziswa iingcebiso ezikhethekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha ngoncedo lwezixhobo zokufakelwa.
Imiba yokhetho olufanelekileyo kunye nokutshintshwa kwetanki yokwandisa
Ngethuba lokusebenza kwesithuthi, itanki yokwandisa ibonakaliswe kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu, ukuhla kwengcinezelo ebalulekileyo kunye neendawo ezinobungozi (i-antifreeze, i-exhaust gases, i-fuel, i-oyile, njl.) - konke oku kunokukhokelela kumonakalo kwitanki kunye ne-cap filler.Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zeetanki zeplastiki ziqhekeka emzimbeni kunye nokuphuka ngenxa yokukhula koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo.Kuzo zonke ezi meko, itanki kufuneka itshintshwe, kwaye ukulungiswa kufuneka kwenziwe ngokukhawuleza.
Kuphela itanki yohlobo kunye nenombolo yekhathalogu efakwe kwimoto ngumenzi kufuneka ithathelwe ukutshintshwa - oku kuphela kwendlela yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuchanekileyo kwenkqubo yonke.Ukuba iplagi nayo ingaphandle komyalelo (njengoko ngokuqhelekileyo kuboniswa ngokuphuka kwetanki ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-valve ye-steam), ngoko kufuneka uyithenge.Ukuba iplagi endala isebenza kakuhle, ngoko inokufakwa kwitanki entsha.I-gauge yenqanaba elidala lolwelo, njengomthetho, likwabekwe kwitanki entsha ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ukutshintshwa kwetanki yokwandisa kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuhambelana nemiyalelo yokulungiswa kwesithuthi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukwenza lo msebenzi, kufuneka ukhuphe i-antifreeze, ukhuphe onke ama-hoses kwi-tank endala, ukhulule itanki (ibanjwe yi-clamp, ngamanye amaxesha ngezikrufu ezongezelelweyo) kwaye ufake inxalenye entsha ngokulandelelana.Kwangaxeshanye, kunokuba yimfuneko ukutshintsha iiclamps ezindala, ngoko ke kufuneka ukhawuleze unakekele ukuthenga kwazo.Kwaye ukuba iplagi endala ifakiwe, ngoko kufuneka ihlolwe kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ihlambuluke.
Emva kofakelo, kuyimfuneko ukugcwalisa i-antifreeze entsha kwaye uvale iplagi, ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo, ukutshintshwa kunye nokudibanisa itanki entsha, yonke inkqubo iya kuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo, iqinisekisa ukupholisa okusebenzayo kweyunithi yamandla.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-17-2023