Inqwaba yamaloli esimanje ahlome ngezihlukanisi - ama-gearbox akhethekile aphinda kabili inani lamagiya okudlulisela.Umhlukanisi ulawulwa i-valve ye-pneumatic - funda ngale valve, ukuklama nokusebenza kwayo, kanye nokukhetha okulungile, ukushintshwa nokugcinwa kwe-valve kulesi sihloko.
Iyini i-valve ye-actuation yesihlukanisi?
Isihlukanisi se-actuation valve siyiyunithi yesistimu yokushintsha igiya ye-pneumomechanical yesihlukanisi samaloli;i-valve ye-pneumatic ehlinzeka ngokushintsha okukude kwesihlukanisi se-gearbox ngokunikeza umoya kumsabalalisi kanye nesilinda somoya wamandla okwamanje i-clutch inqanyuliwe ngokuphelele.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamaloli asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, i-gearbox ifakwe isihlukanisi - i-gearbox yesiteji esisodwa, ephinda kabili inani lamagiya okudlulisela.I-divider ikhulisa kakhulu amandla ka-gearbox, ikhulise ukuguquguquka kokushayela ezimeni ezahlukene zomgwaqo nangaphansi kwemithwalo ehlukene.Ukulawulwa kwalolu phiko ezimotweni eziningi kwenziwa ngohlelo lokushintsha igiya le-pneumomechanical divider, enye yezindawo ezibalulekile kulolu hlelo kuhlala i-valve yokufaka isihlukanisi.
I-valve yokuhlukanisa i-actuation yenza umsebenzi owodwa obalulekile: ngosizo lwayo, umoya ocindezelwe ophuma ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic unikezwa isilinda samandla we-pneumatic we-divider gear shift mechanism efakwe ku-crankcase ye-gearbox.I-valve ixhunywe ngokuqondile ku-clutch actuator, eqinisekisa ukuthi amagiya okuhlukanisa ayagudluzwa lapho i-clutch pedal icindezeleke ngokugcwele futhi ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okwengeziwe ohlangothini lomshayeli.Ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-valve noma ukwehluleka kwayo kancane noma kuphazamisa ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwesihlukanisi, okudinga ukulungiswa.Kodwa ngaphambi kokulungisa noma ukushintsha le valve, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakheka kwayo nezici zokusebenza.
Idivayisi kanye nesimiso sokusebenza kwama-valve ngokushintsha isihlukanisi
Wonke ama-valve okuhlukanisa asetshenziswa namuhla anomklamo ofanayo ngokomgomo.Isisekelo seyunithi siyikesi lensimbi elineshaneli longitudinal nezici zokunamathisela iyunithi emzimbeni noma kwezinye izingxenye zemoto.Ngemuva komzimba kune-valve yokungena, engxenyeni ephakathi kukhona umgodi onesiqu se-valve, futhi engxenyeni engaphambili umzimba uvaliwe ngesivalo.Induku idlula isembozo futhi idlulele ngaphesheya kwendlu, lapha imbozwe ngesembozo senjoloba engangeni uthuli (i-fuse fuse), lapho kubanjwe khona umkhawulo wokuhamba wensimbi.Odongeni lwezindlu, ngokuphambene ne-valve yokungena kanye nomgodi wenduku, kunezimbobo zokungena nokuphuma ukuze kuxhunywe ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic.Nakwi-valve kukhona into yokuphefumula ene-valve yayo, enikeza ukukhululeka kwengcindezi uma ikhula kakhulu.
Ivalvu yokuhlukanisa i-actuation itholakala eduze kwe-clutch pedal noma eduze kwe-hydraulic/pneumatic-hydraulic clutch booster mechanism.Kulesi simo, ingxenye ephumayo yesiqu se-valve (ehlangothini embozwe nge-fuse yothuli) ibhekene ne-stop on the clutch pedal noma ku-clutch fork drive pusher.
I-valve iyingxenye yesistimu yokuguqula igiya ye-Dider, ehlanganisa ne-valve yokulawula (kwezinye izimoto le valve ilawulwa yikhebula, kwezinye yakhelwe ngqo ku-lever yegiya), i-air distributor, i-valve yokunciphisa ukucindezela kanye i-divider shift drive ngqo.I-inlet ye-valve ixhunywe kumamukeli (noma i-valve ekhethekile enikeza umoya ovela kumamukeli), futhi i-outlet ixhunywe ku-cylinder ye-pneumatic ye-actuator yokuhlukanisa ngomoya (futhi ngaphezu kwalokho nge-valve yokunciphisa ingcindezi, okuyinto kuvimbela ukuvuza komoya ngakolunye uhlangothi).
Idizayini yesihlukanisi se-actuation valve
I-valve okukhulunywa ngayo nayo yonke i-actuator ye-pneumomechanical yesihlukanisi isebenza kanje.Ukuze ubandakanye ukuncishiswa noma i-overdrive, isibambo esiku-lever yegiya siyiswa endaweni ephezulu noma ephansi - lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusabalalisa kabusha kokugeleza komoya okungena ku-distributor yomoya (i-valve yokulawula ehambisana nesibambo inesibopho salokhu), i-spool yayo. ihamba iqonde kwelinye icala noma kwelinye.Ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa okuphezulu kwe-clutch pedal, i-valve yokuhlukanisa i-actuation iqala - i-valve yokungenisa iyavuleka, futhi umoya ungena ku-distributor yomoya, futhi ngawo ungene emgodini we-piston noma we-piston we-cylinder ye-pneumatic.Ngenxa yokwanda kwengcindezi, i-piston ishintshela ohlangothini bese idonsa i-lever ngemuva kwayo, eshintsha isihlukanisi siye egiyeni eliphakeme kakhulu noma eliphansi kakhulu.Lapho i-clutch ikhishwa, i-valve ivala futhi isihlukanisi siqhubeka nokusebenza endaweni ekhethiwe.Lapho ushintshela isihlukanisi kwelinye igiya, izinqubo ezichazwe ziphindaphindiwe, kodwa ukugeleza komoya okuvela ku-valve kuqondiswe emgodini ophambene we-cylinder ye-pneumatic.Uma isihlukanisi singasetshenziswa lapho ushintsha amagiya, khona-ke isikhundla saso asishintshi.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lapha ukuthi i-valve yokuhlukanisa i-actuator ivula kuphela ekupheleni kwe-pedal stroke, lapho i-clutch ikhishwe ngokuphelele - lokhu kuqinisekisa izinguquko ezijwayelekile zegiya ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi yezingxenye zokudlulisela.Isikhathi lapho i-valve ivulwa khona kulawulwa ukuma kwe-tappet yenduku yayo ebekwe phezu kwe-pedal noma ku-clutch booster tappet.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukukhombisa ukuthi i-valve yokufaka isihlukanisi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi ama-valve okulawula (ama-switch) omshini wokushintsha amagiya owakhelwe ku-lever.Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi lawa ngamadivaysi ahlukene okuthi, nakuba asebenza njengengxenye yohlelo olufanayo, enze imisebenzi ehlukene.Lokhu kufanele kucatshangelwe lapho kuthengwa izingxenye ezisele kanye nokulungisa.
Indlela yokukhetha kahle, ukufaka esikhundleni nokwenza ukunakekelwa kwe-valve yokufaka isihlukanisi
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto, yonke idrayivu yokulawula isihlukanisi kanye nezingxenye zayo ngazinye, okuhlanganisa i-valve okukhulunywe ngayo lapha, kuvezwa amathonya ahlukahlukene amabi - ukucindezeleka komshini, ingcindezi, isenzo somphunga wamanzi namafutha aqukethwe emoyeni, njll. lokhu ekugcineni kuholela ekugqokeni nasekuqhekekeni kwe-valve, okuholela ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza kwesistimu noma ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kwekhono lokulawula isihlukanisi.I-valve engalungile kufanele ihlakazwe, ihlakazwe ngokuphelele futhi itholwe amaphutha, izingxenye ezinephutha zingashintshwa, futhi uma kwenzeka ukuphuka okukhulu, kungcono ukushintsha ukuhlanganiswa kwe-valve.
Ukuze ulungise i-valve yokufaka isihlukanisi, ungasebenzisa amakhithi okulungisa aqukethe izingxenye ezigqoke kakhulu - i-valve, iziphethu, izakhi zokuvala.Ikhithi yokulungisa kufanele ithengwe ngokuhambisana nohlobo kanye nemodeli ye-valve.
Idrayivu yokulawula isihlukanisi segiya
Uhlobo nemodeli kuphela (ngokulandelanayo, inombolo yekhathalogi) efakwe umkhiqizi wayo emotweni okufanele ikhethelwe ukushintshwa.Ezimotweni ezingaphansi kwewaranti, lo ngumthetho (uma usebenzisa izingxenye eziyisipele ezingezona ezangempela ezihlukile kulezo ezinconywe umenzi, ungalahlekelwa iwaranti), futhi ezimotweni ezindala, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa ama-analogue anobukhulu obufanele bokufaka. kanye nezici (ingcindezi yokusebenza).
Ukushintshwa kwe-valve yesihlukanisi se-actuator kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokukhanda kanye nokugcinwa kwayo kule moto.Ngokuvamile, ukwenza lo msebenzi, kuyadingeka ukunqamula amapayipi amabili ku-valve futhi uqaqe i-valve ngokwayo, ebanjwe ama-bolt amane (ngezinye izikhathi inombolo ehlukile), futhi ufake i-valve entsha ngokulandelana.Ukulungiswa kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ngemva kokukhishwa kwengcindezi ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic.
Ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-valve, i-actuator yayo iyalungiswa, eqinisekiswa ngokushintsha indawo yokumisa induku etholakala ku-clutch pedal noma i-booster rod.Ngokuvamile, ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngendlela yokuthi lapho i-clutch pedal icindezelekile ngokugcwele, kunebanga lika-0.2-0.6 mm phakathi komkhawulo wokuhamba we-stem kanye nobuso bokuphela kwesembozo se-valve (lokhu kufinyelelwa ngokushintsha isikhundla i-stem stop).Lokhu kulungiswa kufanele futhi kwenziwe ekulungisweni ngakunye kwesistimu yegiya ye-pneumomechanical yesihlukanisi.Ukuze wenze izinguquko, susa ikhava yothuli.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza okulandelayo, i-valve ikhishwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ihlakazwe futhi ihlolwe, uma kunesidingo, igezwe futhi igcotshwe ngokubunjwa okukhethekile kwamafutha.Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa, kanye nokugcinwa njalo, i-valve izosebenza iminyaka eminingi, inikeze ukulawula ngokuzethemba kwesihlukanisi se-gearbox.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-13-2023