Galimoto yamakono iliyonse, basi ndi thirakitala imakhala ndi makina otenthetsera komanso mpweya wabwino.Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa dongosololi ndi injini ya heater.Chilichonse chokhudza ma mota zotenthetsera, mitundu yawo ndi mawonekedwe ake, komanso kusankha kolondola, kukonza ndikusintha ma motors zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.
Cholinga ndi ntchito ya chotenthetsera mota
Interior heater motor (stove motor) ndi gawo la mpweya wabwino, kutentha ndi mpweya wa chipinda chokwera magalimoto;Galimoto yamagetsi ya DC yopanda chopondera kapena yosonkhanitsidwa ndi chowongolera chomwe chimazungulira mpweya wozizira komanso wofunda kudzera mudongosolo ndi kanyumba.
M'magalimoto ndi magalimoto, mabasi, mathirakitala ndi zipangizo zina, microclimate mu kanyumba kapena kanyumba imasungidwa ndi kutentha kwa mpweya ndi mpweya wabwino.Maziko a dongosololi ndi gawo lotenthetsera, lomwe lili ndi radiator, dongosolo la ma valve ndi ma valve, ndi fan yamagetsi.Dongosololi limagwira ntchito mophweka: ma radiator olumikizidwa ndi makina oziziritsa a injini amatenthetsa, kutentha uku kumachotsedwa ndi mpweya wodutsa, womwe umapangidwa ndi fani yamagetsi, ndiye kuti mpweya wotenthetsera umalowa m'mizere ya mpweya kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana a kanyumbako komanso galasi lakutsogolo.M'magalimoto onse, zimakupiza zimayendetsedwa ndi mota yomangidwa mu DC - mota yotenthetsera.
Msonkhano wamoto wa chotenthetsera wokhala ndi chofufumitsa uli ndi ntchito zingapo zofunika:
● M'nyengo yozizira - mapangidwe a mpweya omwe amadutsa pa radiator ya chitofu, amawotcha ndikulowa m'nyumba;
● Chotenthetsera chikayatsidwa m'njira yolowera mpweya, kupangika kwa mpweya womwe umalowa m'chipinda cha anthu popanda kutenthetsa;
● Mu machitidwe okhala ndi mpweya - mapangidwe a mpweya omwe amadutsa mu evaporator, amazizira ndikulowa m'nyumba;
● Kusintha liwiro la fani poyendetsa ntchito ya chotenthetsera ndi choziziritsa mpweya.
Galimoto yowotchera ndiyofunikira kwambiri pakuyendetsa magalimoto, mpweya wabwino komanso makina owongolera mpweya, chifukwa chake ngati zasokonekera, ziyenera kusinthidwa kapena kukonzedwa.Koma musanapite ku sitolo kwa injini yatsopano, muyenera kumvetsetsa mitundu yomwe ilipo ya mayunitsiwa, mapangidwe awo ndi mawonekedwe a ntchito.
Mitundu, mapangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a ma heater motors
Choyamba, tiyenera kunena kuti mawu akuti "chotenthetsera galimoto" amatanthauza mitundu iwiri ya zipangizo:
● Galimoto yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofanizira magetsi a masitovu agalimoto;
● Fani yamagetsi yathunthu ndi cholumikizira chamagetsi chamagetsi chokhala ndi cholumikizira, ndipo nthawi zina chimakhala ndi nyumba.
Pazida zosiyanasiyana, ma mota amagetsi a DC amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi a 12 ndi 24 V okhala ndi liwiro la shaft avareji ya 2000 mpaka 3000 rpm.
Pali mitundu iwiri yamagetsi amagetsi:
● Wotolera wachikhalidwe ndi chisangalalo kuchokera ku maginito okhazikika;
● Zopanda brushes zamakono.
Ma motors a brushed ndi ofala kwambiri, koma pamagalimoto amakono mungapezenso ma motors opanda brush, omwe ali ndi miyeso yaying'ono komanso yodalirika kwambiri.Nayenso, ma motors opanda brushless amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri - makamaka brushless ndi valve, amasiyana ndi mapangidwe a ma windings ndi njira zolumikizira.Kuchulukana kwa magalimoto amagetsiwa kumalepheretsedwa ndi zovuta za kugwirizana kwawo - zimafuna njira yoyendetsera magetsi pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi ndi zigawo zina.
Mwa mapangidwe, ma mota amagetsi ali amitundu iwiri:
● Thupi;
● Zopanda fulemu.
Ma motors ambiri amaikidwa muzitsulo zachitsulo, amatetezedwa modalirika ku dothi ndi kuwonongeka, koma vuto lotsekedwa limapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuzizizira.Open frameless motors ndizochepa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi ma impellers, mayunitsi oterewa ndi opepuka komanso otetezedwa kuti asatenthedwe panthawi yogwira ntchito.Pa nyumba yamagalimoto pali zinthu zoyikirapo ngati zimakupiza kapena chitofu - zomangira, mabatani, crackers ndi ena.Kuti mulumikizane ndi chowotchera chotenthetsera kumagetsi, zolumikizira zamagetsi zokhazikika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi thupi lazinthu kapena zomwe zili pazingwe zama waya.
Centrifugal heater motor yokhala ndi ma impeller awiri
Malinga ndi malo a shaft, ma motors amagetsi amagawidwa m'magulu awiri:
● Mtsinje wa mbali imodzi;
● Mtsinje wa mbali ziwiri.
Mu ma motors amtundu woyamba, shaft imatuluka kuchokera kumapeto kwa thupi, pama motors amtundu wachiwiri - kuchokera kumalekezero onse awiri.Pachiyambi choyamba, choyikapo chimodzi chokha chimayikidwa mbali imodzi, chachiwiri, ma impellers awiri omwe ali mbali zonse za galimoto yamagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi.
Ma motors osonkhanitsidwa ndi impeller amapanga gawo limodzi lathunthu - fan yamagetsi.Pali mitundu iwiri ya mafani:
● Axial;
● Centrifugal.
Mafani a Axial ndi mafani wamba omwe ali ndi ma radial ma radial ma blade, amapanga mpweya wowongoka molunjika pa olamulira awo.mafani amenewa pafupifupi konse ntchito lero, koma kawirikawiri amapezeka magalimoto oyambirira (VAZ "Classic" ndi ena).
Axial Type heater motor yokhala ndi fan
Centrifugal heater motor yokhala ndi chofufumitsa
Mafani a Centrifugal amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe a gudumu lokhala ndi makonzedwe opingasa a masamba ambiri, amapanga mpweya wotuluka kuchokera ku oxis kupita kumalo ozungulira, mpweya umayenda motere chifukwa cha mphamvu zama centrifugal zomwe zimachokera ku kuzungulira kwa chochititsa.Mafani amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto ambiri amakono, mabasi, mathirakitala ndi zida zina, izi ndichifukwa chakulumikizana kwawo komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri.
Chipangizo cha axial mtundu kanyumba chotenthetsera
Chipangizo cha chotenthetsera chamtundu wa centrifugal
Pali mitundu iwiri ya centrifugal fan impellers:
● Mzere umodzi;
● Mizere iwiri.
Muzitsulo za mzere umodzi, masambawo amakonzedwa mumzere umodzi, masamba onse ali ndi mapangidwe ofanana ndi geometry.Muzitsulo za mizere iwiri, mizere iwiri ya masamba imaperekedwa, ndipo masambawo amakhala m'mizere yosinthira (mu mawonekedwe a checkerboard).Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ndi kulimba kwakukulu kuposa mzere umodzi wa mzere wa m'lifupi mwake, komanso kumatsimikizira kufanana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya komwe kumapangidwa ndi impeller.Nthawi zambiri, mzere umodzi wa masamba, ili pa mbali ya galimoto yamagetsi, ali ndi m'lifupi ang'onoang'ono - izi kumawonjezera mphamvu ndi kusasunthika kwa dongosolo m'malo zovuta kwambiri, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo amapereka kuzirala bwino injini.
Mu mafani a centrifugal, mota ndi chopondera chikhoza kukhala ndi magawo osiyanasiyana:
● Galimoto imasiyanitsidwa ndi choyikapo;
● Galimotoyo ili pang'onopang'ono kapena ili mkati mwa choyikapo.
Pachiyambi choyamba, choyikapocho chimangoyikidwa pa shaft ya injini, pamene injini sichiwombedwa ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya kuchokera ku choyikapo.Izi ndizosavuta kupanga, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto apanyumba.
Chachiwiri, nyumba yamagalimoto pang'onopang'ono kapena kwathunthu imalowa mkati mwa choyikapo, chomwe chimachepetsa miyeso yonse ya chipangizocho, komanso chimaperekanso kutentha kwabwino kuchokera kumagetsi amagetsi.Mkati mwa chotsitsacho, kondomu yosalala kapena yotsekemera imatha kupangidwa, chifukwa chomwe mpweya umalowa mu fan umagawidwa m'mitsinje yosiyana ndikuwongolera masamba.Kawirikawiri, mapangidwe oterewa amapangidwa ngati gawo limodzi, lomwe limasinthidwa pokhapokha pamsonkhano.
Kutengera ndi mitundu yawo ndi kapangidwe kawo, ma mota a sitovu amaperekedwa kumsika popanda zopangira kapena kusonkhanitsidwa ndi ma impellers, ndipo mafani a centrifugal amathanso kugulitsidwa atasonkhanitsidwa ndi nyumba ("nkhono"), zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kukhazikitsa kwawo.
Momwe mungasankhire ndikusintha chotenthetsera chamoto
Ma heater motors amadziwika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zovuta: kutayika kwa magetsi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa ndi mawaya, kuvala kwa maburashi mu ma commutator motors, mabwalo amfupi ndi ma windings otseguka, kuthamanga ndi kutayika kwa liwiro chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mayendedwe kapena kupunduka, kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka kwa wochititsa.Ndi zovuta zina, chitofucho chikupitiriza kugwira ntchito, koma mopanda mphamvu, koma nthawi zina chimasiya kugwira ntchito.Nthawi zambiri, zovuta zimatsagana ndi phokoso lochokera ku chotenthetsera, ndipo m'magalimoto amakono okhala ndi njira yodzizindikiritsa, uthenga wofananira umawoneka ngati walephera.Mulimonsemo, m'pofunika kuchita diagnostics, ndipo ngati n'koyenera, m'malo chotenthetsera galimoto.
Msonkhano wamagalimoto a heater ndi chowongolera ndi thupi (nkhono)
Kuti mulowe m'malo, muyenera kutenga gawo lomwe linali pagalimoto kale, kapena lili pamndandanda womwe umalimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga makinawo.Pogula magawo, muyenera kuganizira kuti nthawi zambiri sagulitsidwa mosiyana.Mwachitsanzo, magalimoto ambiri ali ndi gawo lathunthu lokhala ndi mota ndi chofufumitsa, ndipo ngati chopondera chikasweka, sikutheka kuyisintha yokha.Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito magawo kapena misonkhano yonse yamitundu ina, chifukwa sizingachitike ndipo sizingatsimikizire kuti chitofu chikuyenda bwino.
Zigawo zosalongosoka ziyenera kusinthidwa malinga ndi malangizo okonza galimotoyi.Nthawi zambiri, kukonza ntchito kumafuna disassembly yaikulu ya dashboard ndi console, momwemo ndi bwino kuyika kukonza kwa akatswiri.Ndi kusankha koyenera ndi kusintha kwa injini, chowotchera chidzagwira ntchito bwino, kupanga microclimate yabwino mu kanyumba nthawi iliyonse ya chaka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-12-2023