Yese yemazuvano mota, bhazi uye tirakita ine yekudziya uye yekufefetera system.Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zveiyi system ndeye heater mota.Zvese nezve heater motors, mhando dzadzo uye magadzirirwo maficha, pamwe nekusarudzwa kwakaringana, kugadzirisa uye kutsiva mota zvinotsanangurwa muchinyorwa.
Chinangwa uye basa reiyo heater mota
Interior heater mota (chitofu mota) chikamu chemhepo, kudziyisa uye mhepo yekumisikidza sisitimu yekamuri yevatyairi yemotokari;Iyo DC yemagetsi mota isina impeller kana yakaunganidzwa ine impeller inotenderera inotonhora uye inodziya mweya kuburikidza nehurongwa uye kabhini.
Mumotokari nemarori, mabhazi, matarakita nemimwe midziyo, iyo microclimate mukamuri kana kabhini inochengetwa nemhepo inopisa uye kufefetera system.Nheyo yegadziriro iyi ndiyo heater unit, iyo ine radiator, hurongwa hwevhavha uye mavharuvhu, uye feni yemagetsi.Iyo sisitimu inoshanda zviri nyore: radiator yakabatana nejini inotonhorera system inopisa, kupisa uku kunobviswa nekupfuura kwemhepo kuyerera, iyo inogadzirwa nemagetsi fan, ipapo mweya unopisa unopinda mumhepo ducts kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekabhini uye windshield.Mumotokari dzese, fan inofambiswa neyakavakirwa-mukati DC mota - iyo heater mota.
Iyo heater mota musangano ine impeller ine akati wandei mabasa akakosha:
● Mumamiriro okunze anotonhora - kuumbwa kwemhepo inoyerera inopfuura nepakati pe radiator yechitofu, inopisa uye inopinda muimba;
● Kana hita ichibatidzwa mumhepo inofefetera, kuumbwa kwemhepo inoyerera inopinda mukamuri yevatakuri pasina kudziyisa;
● Muzvirongwa zvine air conditioners - kuumbwa kwemhepo inoyerera inopfuura nemu evaporator, inotonhorera uye inopinda muimba;
● Kushandura kukurumidza kwe fan paunenge uchigadzirisa kushanda kweheater uye air conditioner.
Iyo heater mota yakakosha pakushanda kwekudziya kwemotokari, kufefetedza uye mhepo yekumisikidza masisitimu, saka kana paine chero kusashanda, inofanirwa kuchinjwa kana kugadziriswa.Asi usati waenda kuchitoro kune mota nyowani, unofanirwa kunzwisisa marudzi aripo emayuniti aya, magadzirirwo avo uye maitiro ebasa.
Mhando, dhizaini uye hunhu hwema heater motors
Chokutanga pane zvose, zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti izwi rokuti "heater motor" rinoreva marudzi maviri emidziyo:
● Motokari yemagetsi inoshandiswa mumafeni emagetsi ezvitofu zvemotokari;
● Feni yemagetsi yakakwana igadziriso yemagetsi ine impeller, uye dzimwe nguva ine imba.
Pamidziyo yakasiyana-siyana, DC magetsi motors anoshandiswa kugovera voltage ye12 uye 24 V ine shaft yekumhanya yeavhareji ye2000 kusvika 3000 rpm.
Kune marudzi maviri emagetsi emagetsi:
● Traditional muunganidzi ane excitation kubva zvachose magineti;
● Mazuva ano brushless.
Brushed motors ndiyo inonyanya kupararira, asi pamotokari dzemazuva ano unogonawo kuwana brushless motors, iyo ine zviduku zvishoma uye yakakwirira kuvimbika.Nekudaro, mota dzisina mabhurashi dzakakamurwa kuita mhando mbiri - chaizvo brushless uye vharafu, ivo vanosiyana mukugadzirwa kweiyo windings uye nzira dzekubatanidza.Kuwanda kwemamota emagetsi aya kunokanganiswa nekuoma kwekubatana kwavo - ivo vanoda yemagetsi control system yakavakirwa pamagetsi switch uye zvimwe zvikamu.
Nekugadzira, mota dzemagetsi dziri emhando mbiri:
● Muviri;
● Frameless.
Mishonga yakajairika inoiswa mumatare esimbi, inodzivirirwa zvakavimbika kubva kune tsvina uye kukanganisa, asi iyo yakavharwa kesi inoita kuti zviome kutonhora.Vhura frameless motors haanyanye kuwanda, uye anonyanya kushandiswa pamwe chete nema impellers, mayuniti akadaro akareruka uye anodzivirirwa kubva pakupisa panguva yekushanda.Paimba yemotokari pane zvinhu zvekusimudza munyaya ye fan kana chitofu - screws, brackets, crackers nevamwe.Kuti ubatanidze heater mota kune yemagetsi sisitimu, yakajairwa magetsi ekubatanidza anoshandiswa, ayo anogona kubatanidzwa mumuviri wechigadzirwa kana kuti ari pane wiring harness.
Centrifugal heater mota ine ma impeller maviri
Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yeshaft, mota dzemagetsi dzakakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri:
● Shaft ine divi rimwe chete;
● Shaft ine mativi maviri.
Mune motors yerudzi rwekutanga, shaft inobuda kunze kwemuviri chete kubva kune imwe mugumo, pamota dzerudzi rwechipiri - kubva kumagumo ese.Muchiitiko chekutanga, impeller imwe chete inosungirirwa kune rumwe rutivi, mune yechipiri, mapeji maviri ari kumativi ose emagetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa kamwechete.
Motors dzakaungana ne impeller inoumba imwechete yakakwana unit - fan yemagetsi.Kune marudzi maviri emafeni:
● Axial;
● Centrifugal.
Axial mafeni akajairwa mafeni ane radial kurongeka kwemablades, ivo vanogadzira kuyerera kwemhepo kunonangana neaxis yavo.Vafudzi vakadaro havasati vamboshandiswa nhasi, asi vanowanzowanikwa pamotokari dzepakutanga (VAZ "Classic" nevamwe).
Axial mhando heater mota ine fan
Centrifugal heater mota ine impeller
Centrifugal mafeni anogadzirwa muchimiro chevhiri rine yakatwasuka kurongeka kwenhamba huru yemashizha, ivo vanogadzira mhepo inoyerera inotungamirwa kubva kuaxis kuenda kunharaunda, mhepo inofamba nenzira iyi nekuda kwemasimba ecentrifugal anobva mukutenderera kwe. the impeller.Mafeni erudzi urwu anoshandiswa pamotokari zhinji dzemazuva ano, mabhazi, matirakita nemimwe midziyo, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusimba kwavo uye nekushanda kwakanyanya.
Chigadzirwa cheaxial type cabin heater
Chigadzirwa che centrifugal type cabin heater
Kune marudzi maviri e centrifugal fan impellers:
● Mutsara mumwe;
● Mitsara miviri.
Mune imwe-mutsara impellers, mashizha akarongwa mumutsara mumwe, mashizha ose ane maitiro akafanana uye geometry.Mumitsara miviri yemagetsi, mitsara miviri yemashizha inopiwa, uye mashizha anowanikwa mumitsara nekuchinja (mune checkerboard pattern).Iyi dhizaini ine kuomarara kwepamusoro pane imwe-mutsara impeller yehupamhi hwakafanana, uye zvakare inovimbisa kufanana kwemhepo yekumanikidza yakagadzirwa neayo.Kazhinji, rimwe mutsara wemashizha, ari padivi pemotokari yemagetsi, ane hupamhi huduku - izvi zvinowedzera simba uye kusimba kwechimiro munzvimbo dzekutambudzika kukuru, uye panguva imwechete inopa kutonhora kuri nani kwejini.
Mune centrifugal mafeni, mota uye impeller inogona kuva nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehukama:
● Motokari inoparadzaniswa kubva kune impeller;
● Injini inenge iri zvishoma kana kuti yakazara mukati me impeller.
Muchiitiko chekutanga, impeller inongoiswa pamotokari shaft, nepo injini isingaputirwe nemhepo inoyerera kubva kune impeller.Iyi ndiyo yakapfava dhizaini, iyo inowanzoshandiswa pamarori epamba.
Muchiitiko chechipiri, imba yemotokari zvishoma kana zvachose inopinda mukati me impeller, iyo inoderedza zviyero zvose zveyuniti, uye inopawo kupisa kuri nani kubva mumotokari yemagetsi.Mukati meimpeller, koni yakatsetseka kana yakashongedzwa inogona kugadzirwa, nekuda kwekuti mweya unopinda mu fan unokamurwa kuita nzizi dzakaparadzana uye unonangidzirwa kumashizha.Kazhinji, zvivako zvakadaro zvinogadzirwa nenzira yechikwata chimwe chete, chinotsiviwa chete mumusangano.
Zvichienderana nemhando dzadzo uye dhizaini, mota dzechitofu dzemotokari dzinopihwa kumusika pasina ma impellers kana kuunganidzwa nema impellers, uye mafeni ecentrifugal anogonawo kutengeswa akaungana nedzimba ("snails"), iyo inobatsira zvikuru kuiswa kwavo.
Maitiro ekusarudza uye kutsiva iyo heater mota
Heater motors inoratidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana dzekusashanda zvakanaka: kurasikirwa kwemagetsi kusangana mumajoini newaya, kupera kwemabhurashi mumakombi emagetsi, mapfupi maseketi uye akavhurika mamhepo, jamming uye kurasikirwa nekumhanya nekuda kwekuparadzwa kwemabhengi kana deformation, kukuvara kana kuparadzwa impeller.Nekumwe kusashanda, sitofu inoramba ichishanda, asi nekushomeka kushoma, asi dzimwe nguva inorega zvachose kushanda.Kazhinji, kukanganisa kunoperekedzwa neruzha rwekunze kubva kune hita, uye mumotokari dzemazuva ano ine self-diagnostic system, meseji inoenderana inoonekwa kana paine kusashanda.Chero zvazvingaitika, zvinodikanwa kuita diagnostics, uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kutsiva mota inopisa.
Heater mota musangano ine impeller uye muviri (snail)
Kutsiva, iwe unofanirwa kutora iyo unit yaive pamota kare, kana iri pane rondedzero inokurudzirwa neautomaker.Paunenge uchitenga zvikamu, unofanirwa kufungisisa kuti kazhinji hazvitengeswi zvakasiyana.Semuenzaniso, mota zhinji dzakashongedzerwa chete yakakwana unit ine mota uye impeller, uye kana iyo impeller ikaputsika, hazvibviri kuitsiva chete.Hazvikurudzirwi kushandisa zvikamu kana magungano akazara emamwe marudzi, sezvo angangove asina kuwira munzvimbo uye haazove nechokwadi chekushanda kwepamusoro kwechitofu.
Zvikamu zvakakanganisika zvinongofanira kutsiviwa chete maererano nemirairo yekugadzirisa yemotokari iyi.Kazhinji, basa rekugadzirisa rinoda disassembly yakakura yedashboard uye console, pane izvo zviri nani kupa kugadzirisa kune nyanzvi.Nekusarudzwa kwakakodzera uye kutsiva injini, iyo heater ichashanda zvinobudirira, ichigadzira yakasununguka microclimate mu cabin chero nguva yegore.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-12-2023