Yonke imoto yesimanje, ibhasi kanye nogandaganda kufakwe uhlelo lokufudumeza nokungenisa umoya.Enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zalolu hlelo yi-heater motor.Konke mayelana nama-heater motors, izinhlobo zawo nezici zokuklama, kanye nokukhetha okulungile, ukulungiswa nokushintshwa kwama-motor kuchazwe esihlokweni.
Inhloso kanye nendima ye-heater motor
I-Interior heater motor (imoto yesitofu) iyingxenye yohlelo lokungena komoya, ukufudumeza kanye ne-air conditioning yendawo yabagibeli yezimoto;I-DC electric motor ngaphandle kwe-impeller noma ehlanganiswe ne-impeller ehambisa umoya obandayo nofudumele ngohlelo kanye nekhabini.
Ezimotweni namaloli, amabhasi, ogandaganda nezinye izinto zokusebenza, i-microclimate ku-cabin noma i-cabin igcinwa yi-air heat and ventilation system.Isisekelo salolu hlelo yiyunithi yokushisa, equkethe i-radiator, uhlelo lwama-valve nama-valve, kanye ne-fan kagesi.Uhlelo lusebenza kalula nje: i-radiator exhunywe ohlelweni lokupholisa injini iyashisa, lokhu kushisa kususwa ukugeleza komoya okudlulayo, okwakhiwa isiphephetha-moya sikagesi, bese umoya oshisayo ungena emiseleni yomoya ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zendlu futhi iwindshield.Kuzo zonke izimoto, isiphepheli sishayelwa yi-DC motor eyakhelwe ngaphakathi - i-heater motor.
Umhlangano we-heater motor one-impeller unemisebenzi eminingana eyisisekelo:
● Esikhathini esibandayo - ukwakheka kokugeleza komoya okudlula ku-radiator yesitofu, ukushisa futhi kungene ekamelweni;
● Uma i-heater ivulwa kwimodi yokungenisa umoya, ukwakheka kokugeleza komoya okungena endaweni yabagibeli ngaphandle kokushisisa;
● Ezinhlelweni ezinama-air conditioners - ukwakheka kokugeleza komoya okudlula ku-evaporator, kuphole futhi kungene ekhabetheni;
● Ukushintsha isivinini sefeni lapho ulawula ukusebenza kwehitha nesipholile somoya.
I-heater motor ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kokushisa kwezimoto, ukungena komoya kanye nezinhlelo zomoya, ngakho-ke uma kwenzeka noma yikuphi ukungasebenzi, kufanele kushintshwe noma kulungiswe.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuya esitolo ukuze uthole injini entsha, kufanele uqonde izinhlobo ezikhona zalezi ziyunithi, ukwakheka kwazo kanye nezici zomsebenzi.
Izinhlobo, ukwakheka kanye nezici zama-heater motors
Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi igama elithi "heater motor" lisho izinhlobo ezimbili zamadivayisi:
● Injini kagesi esetshenziswa kumafeni kagesi ezitofu zezimoto;
● I-fan kagesi ephelele iyinhlangano kagesi ehlanganisa i-impeller, futhi ngezinye izikhathi enendlu.
Emishinini eyahlukene, amamotho kagesi e-DC asetshenziselwa amandla kagesi angu-12 no-24 V anesivinini se-shaft esiphakathi kuka-2000 kuya ku-3000 rpm.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-motor kagesi:
● Umqoqi wendabuko onesasasa elivela kuzibuthe unomphela;
● I-brushless yesimanje.
Ama-motor axutshwe yiwona asakazeke kakhulu, kepha ezimotweni zanamuhla ungathola futhi ama-brushless motors, anobukhulu obuncane nokuthembeka okuphezulu.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-brushless motors ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili - empeleni i-brushless ne-valve, ahluke ekwakhiweni kwama-windings nezindlela zokuxhuma.Ukwanda kwalawa ma-motor kagesi kuphazanyiswa ubunzima bokuxhumana kwawo - adinga uhlelo lokulawula i-elekthronikhi olusekelwe ekushintsheni kwamandla nezinye izingxenye.
Ngokuklama, izinjini zikagesi ziyizinhlobo ezimbili:
● Umzimba;
● Angenawo uzimele.
Ama-motors avame kakhulu afakwe esimweni sensimbi, avikelwe ngokuthembekile ekungcoleni nasekulimaleni, kodwa icala elivaliwe lenza kube nzima ukupholisa.Vula ama-frameless motors awavamile kakhulu, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa ngokubambisana nama-impellers, amayunithi anjalo alula futhi avikelekile ekushiseni ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Ezindlini zezimoto kukhona izakhi zokufakwa esimweni se-fan noma isitofu - izikulufo, amabakaki, ama-crackers nabanye.Ukuxhuma i-heater motor ohlelweni lukagesi, izixhumi zikagesi ezijwayelekile zisetshenziswa, ezingahlanganiswa emzimbeni womkhiqizo noma ezitholakala ku-wiring harness.
I-Centrifugal heater motor enama-impeller amabili
Ngokusho kwendawo ye-shaft, ama-motor kagesi ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili:
● I-shaft enohlangothi olulodwa;
● I-shaft enamacala amabili.
Kuma-motor ohlobo lokuqala, i-shaft iphuma emzimbeni kuphela ukusuka ekugcineni komunye, kuma-motor ohlobo lwesibili - kusuka emikhawulweni yomibili.Esimweni sokuqala, i-impeller eyodwa kuphela ifakwe ohlangothini olulodwa, okwesibili, ama-impellers amabili atholakala ezinhlangothini zombili ze-motor kagesi asetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ama-Motor ahlanganiswe ne-impeller enza iyunithi eyodwa ephelele - i-fan kagesi.Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zabalandeli:
● I-Axial;
● I-Centrifugal.
Abalandeli be-Axial bangabalandeli abavamile abanohlelo lwe-radial of blades, benza ukugeleza komoya okuqondiswe ku-eksisi yabo.Abalandeli abanjalo cishe abakaze basetshenziswe namuhla, kodwa bavame ukutholakala ezimotweni zokuqala (VAZ "Classic" nabanye).
I-axial hlobo motor heater enefeni
I-Centrifugal heater motor ene-impeller
Abalandeli be-Centrifugal benziwa ngendlela yesondo elinohlelo oluvundlile lwenani elikhulu lama-blades, bakha ukugeleza komoya okuqondiswe ku-axis kuya ku-periphery, umoya uhamba ngale ndlela ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal avela ekujikelezeni i-impeller.Abalandeli balolu hlobo basetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje, amabhasi, ogandaganda nezinye izinto zokusebenza, lokhu kungenxa yokubumbana kwazo nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu.
Idivayisi ye-axial uhlobo lwe-cabin heater
Idivayisi ye-centrifugal uhlobo lwe-cabin heater
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-centrifugal fan impellers:
● Umugqa owodwa;
● Imigqa emibili.
Kuma-impellers anomugqa owodwa, ama-blades ahlelwe emgqeni owodwa, wonke ama-blades anomklamo ofanayo kanye nejometri.Kuma-impellers emigqa emibili, imigqa emibili yama-blades inikezwa, futhi ama-blades atholakala emigqeni ene-shift (ngephethini ye-checkerboard).Lo mklamo unokuqina okuphezulu kune-impeller yomugqa owodwa yobubanzi obufanayo, futhi uqinisekisa ukufana kokucindezela komoya okwenziwe yi-impeller.Ngokuvamile, umugqa owodwa wama-blades, osohlangothini lwe-motor kagesi, unobubanzi obuncane - lokhu kwandisa amandla nokuqina kwesakhiwo ezindaweni zokucindezeleka okukhulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kunikeza ukupholisa okungcono kwenjini.
Kubalandeli be-centrifugal, injini ne-impeller ingaba nezikhundla ezihlukene zesihlobo:
● Injini ihlukaniswa ne-impeller;
● Injini itholakala ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwe-impeller.
Esimweni sokuqala, i-impeller imane ifakwe ku-motor shaft, kuyilapho injini ingashaywa ukugeleza komoya okuvela ku-impeller.Lona umklamo olula, ovame ukusetshenziswa emalolini asekhaya.
Esimweni sesibili, indlu yemoto ingena kancane noma ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwe-impeller, enciphisa ubukhulu beyunithi, futhi inikeza nokuchithwa okungcono kokushisa okuvela ku-motor kagesi.Ngaphakathi kwe-impeller, i-cone ebushelelezi noma ene-perforated ingenziwa, ngenxa yokuthi umoya ongena ku-fan uhlukaniswe ube yimifudlana ehlukene futhi uqondiswe kuma-blades.Ngokuvamile, izakhiwo ezinjalo zenziwa ngendlela yeyunithi eyodwa, eshintshwa kuphela emhlanganweni.
Ngokuya ngezinhlobo zabo nokuklama, ama-motor isitofu sezimoto anikezwa emakethe ngaphandle kwama-impellers noma ahlanganiswe nama-impellers, futhi abalandeli be-centrifugal nabo bangathengiswa behlanganiswe nezindlu ("iminenke"), okusiza kakhulu ukufakwa kwabo.
Indlela yokukhetha nokushintsha injini ye-heater
Ama-heaters motors abonakala ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokungasebenzi kahle: ukulahleka kokuthintana kukagesi emalungeni nasezintanjeni, ukuguga kwamabhulashi kumamotho ahambayo, amasekethe amafushane nama-winding avulekile, ukugcwala kanye nokulahleka kwejubane ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwama-bearings noma ukukhubazeka, ukulimala noma ukucekelwa phansi kwemishini. impeli.Ngokungasebenzi kahle, isitofu siyaqhubeka nokusebenza, kodwa ngokusebenza kancane, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi siyeka ngokuphelele ukusebenza.Imvamisa, ukungasebenzi kahle kuhambisana nomsindo ovela ku-heater, futhi ezimotweni zesimanje ezinohlelo lokuzihlola, kuvela umyalezo ohambelanayo uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle.Kunoma yikuphi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa, futhi, uma kunesidingo, esikhundleni se-heater motor.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-heater motor nge-impeller nomzimba (umnenke)
Ukuze ushintshe, kufanele uthathe iyunithi ebikade isemotweni ngaphambili, noma esohlwini olunconywe umenzi wezimoto.Lapho uthenga izingxenye, udinga ukucabangela ukuthi ngokuvamile azithengiswa ngokwehlukana.Ngokwesibonelo, izimoto eziningi ifakwe iyunithi ephelele kuphela motor kanye impeller, futhi uma impeller ephuka, akunakwenzeka ukuba esikhundleni salo yedwa.Akunconywa ukusebenzisa izingxenye noma imihlangano yonke yezinye izinhlobo, njengoba zingase zingangeni endaweni futhi ngeke ziqinisekise ukusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu kwesitofu.
Izingxenye ezinesici kufanele zishintshwe kuphela ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa le moto.Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi wokulungisa udinga ukuhlukaniswa okuphawulekayo kwedeshibhodi ne-console, lapho-ke kungcono ukuphathisa ukulungiswa kochwepheshe.Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwe-motor, i-heater izosebenza ngokuphumelelayo, idale i-microclimate ekhululekile ekamelweni nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-12-2023