Galimoto iliyonse imatha kutsegula mawindo a mbali (chitseko), chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera - zenera lamagetsi.Werengani za zomwe zenera lamagetsi lili ndi ntchito zomwe limagwira, ndi mitundu yanji, momwe limagwirira ntchito komanso momwe limagwirira ntchito m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi zenera lamphamvu ndi chiyani
Zenera lamagetsi ndi njira yokwezera ndikutsitsa mawindo am'mbali (chitseko) pamagalimoto, mathirakitala, zaulimi ndi zida zina.
Zenera lamphamvu ndi la machitidwe othandizira agalimoto, imachita
ntchito zingapo:
• Kuwongolera malo a mawindo a pakhomo (kukweza ndi kutsika kwawo);
• Kukanikiza galasi pamalo okwera kuti muwonetsetse kuti chitseko chili cholimba;
• Kukonza galasi pamalo aliwonse osankhidwa;
• Pang'ono - kutetezedwa ku malo osaloleka a galimoto pamene zenera latsekedwa ndi kutsekedwa (chifukwa cha kukonza galasi).
Kukhalapo kwa zenera lamagetsi m'galimoto kumakulolani kuti musinthe microclimate mu kanyumba, mpweya wabwino, kuchotsa utsi wa ndudu, ndi zina zotero. Komanso, chipangizo chosavutachi chimawonjezera mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito galimoto, zomwe zimalola nthawi zina kuti musatsegule zitseko ndikusiya. galimoto.
Mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a mawindo amphamvu
Mawindo amphamvu amagawidwa molingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto ndi mapangidwe a makina okweza.
Malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto, mawindo amphamvu ndi awa:
• Ndi galimoto (makina) galimoto;
• Zoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi.
Mawindo apamanja samayikidwa kawirikawiri pamagalimoto amakono onyamula anthu, amasinthidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mawindo amagetsi (ESP).Mawindo apamanja ndi osavuta kupanga ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale galimoto itayimitsidwa.Ma ESP ndi osavuta komanso omasuka, koma amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha kuyatsa kuyatsa.Chifukwa chake, njira zamanja tsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mathirakitala, zida zapadera, zaulimi ndi zina, komanso pamagalimoto.
Kenako, ma ESP amagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri kutengera ma aligorivimu a dongosolo lowongolera:
• Ndi chiwongolero chachindunji (pamanja) - chokhacho chowongolera zenera pawindo lamagetsi chimaperekedwa, chomwe chimalowa m'malo mwawindo lazenera la makina;
• Ndi magetsi (automatic) control - chipangizo chowongolera zamagetsi chimaperekedwa, chomwe chimakulitsa kwambiri mphamvu za zenera lamagetsi, chimapereka ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokha.
Mawindo amphamvu amatha kukhala ndi njira yokweza imodzi mwamitundu itatu:
• Chingwe - galasi imayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chachitsulo, unyolo kapena lamba;
• Lever - kuyendetsa kumayendetsedwa ndi dongosolo la levers (imodzi kapena ziwiri) pogwiritsa ntchito sitima yamagetsi;
• Rack ndi pinion - galasi imayendetsedwa ndi ngolo yosunthika yomwe imayenda motsatira rack yokhazikika ndi pinion.
Mawindo amphamvu pamanja amatha kukhala ndi chingwe ndi lever drive makina, ma ESP ali ndi njira zamagalimoto amitundu yonse.
Zenera lamphamvu limayikidwa pakatikati pa chitseko, njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja zimakhala ndi chogwirira pagawo lamkati la chitseko, mu ESP gawo lowongolera lili pachitseko cha khomo (palinso chowongolera chapakati. unit pa dashboard kapena console).
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo yoyendetsera chingwe chowongolera zenera
Kawirikawiri, chingwe chowongolera zenera chimakhala ndi makina oyendetsa galimoto, chinthu chosunthika chosuntha, galasi lagalasi ndi makina oyendetsa galimoto.
Njira yoyendetsera galimoto imakhala ndi sitima yamagetsi ndi galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto yomwe imatsimikizira kuyenda kwa chingwe.Sitima yapamtunda imalandila torque kuchokera pa chogwirira kapena mota yamagetsi, ndikuisintha kukhala kusuntha kwa chinthu chosinthika.Komanso mu makina oyendetsa galimoto pali njira yotsekera kasupe yomwe imakonza galasi pamalo osankhidwa.
• Longitudinal groove kuti apereke mafuta ku dzenje (lopangidwa kokha pazitsulo zomwe zili pambali pa njira - iyi ndi mzere wapansi waukulu ndi chingwe chapamwamba cholumikizira ndodo);
• Mu kolala thrust liners - m'mbali makoma (makolala) kukonza kunyamula ndi kuchepetsa axial kayendedwe ka crankshaft.
Mzerewu ndi mawonekedwe a multilayer, maziko ake ndi mbale yachitsulo yokhala ndi anti-friction coating yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito yake.Ndilo zokutira izi zomwe zimapereka kuchepa kwa mikangano ndi moyo wautali wautumiki wa kubereka, zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zofewa, komanso, zimatha kukhala multilayered.Chifukwa cha kufewa kwake kumunsi, zokutira za liner zimatenga tinthu tating'ono tating'ono ta crankshaft kuvala, kumalepheretsa kupanikizana kwa magawo, scuffing, ndi zina zambiri.
Monga chinthu chosinthika, chingwe chachitsulo chaching'ono chazing'ono chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, koma n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito unyolo ndi lamba wa nthawi.Chingwecho chimadutsa pagalimoto ndi odzigudubuza, chiwerengero chake chingakhale awiri, anayi kapena kuposerapo, odzigudubuza amakonzedwa kuti chingwecho chikhale ndi nthambi imodzi kapena ziwiri zowongoka (zogwa).Mabulaketi amaikidwa panthambizi zomwe zimakhala m'munsi mwa galasi.Pagalimoto yodalirika komanso kupewa kutsetsereka, chingwe pa drive roller chimayikidwa mosinthana kawiri.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya makina oyendetsa chingwe:
• Ndi nthambi imodzi yogwira ntchito - chingwecho chimakhala ndi nthambi imodzi yokha yowongoka, yomwe galasi la galasi lili;
• Ndi nthambi ziwiri zogwirira ntchito - chingwecho chimadutsa ma roller angapo ndipo chimakhala ndi nthambi ziwiri zowongoka zomwe mabakiteriya oyika magalasi amapezeka.
Mawindo a chingwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njanji ngati choyikapo kapena chubu, chomwe chimayendera nthambi zowongoka za chingwe ndikuwonetsetsa kuyenda kolondola kwa bulaketi.Kuteteza kuti zisawonongeke ndi dzimbiri, chingwe panthambi zoperekera chimayikidwa mu sheath ya pulasitiki.Ndipo kuti athe kubwezera kumasulidwa kwa chingwe chachitsulo, akasupe osankhidwa a chingwe amaperekedwa, omwe amakhala kumapeto kwa chingwe, ndikuchilumikiza muzitsulo zotsekedwa.
Chowongolera zenera la chingwe chimagwira ntchito mophweka: torque kuchokera ku chogwirira kapena kuchokera kumagetsi amagetsi amatumizidwa ku makina oyendetsa, otembenuzidwa ndi sitima ya gear ndikutumizidwa ku galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto.Chingwe chomwe chili pa galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto chimalandira kumasulira, ndipo, malingana ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake, amakweza kapena kutsitsa galasi mothandizidwa ndi mabatani.Pamene makina oyendetsa amasiya, latch imatsegulidwa (ikhoza kukhala kasupe kapena chipangizo chovuta kwambiri), ndipo galasi imayima pamalo osankhidwa.
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za lever window regulator
Chowongolera zenera la lever chimakhala ndi makina oyendetsa, makina a lever ndi backstage yokhala ndi magalasi oyika magalasi.
Makina oyendetsa amakhala ndi giya yoyendetsa, yomwe imalandira torque kuchokera ku chogwirira kapena mota yamagetsi, ndi gawo lamagetsi.Lever imalumikizidwa mwamphamvu ndi gawo la mano, kumapeto kwake komwe kuli chodzigudubuza chocheperako.Wodzigudubuza amalowa muzitsulo za rocker, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi bracket ndipo zimakhazikika m'munsi mwa galasi.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mawindo a lever:
• Ndi lever imodzi;
• Ndi dongosolo la levers ("lumo"), mmodzi wa iwo ndi mbuye, ndipo mmodzi kapena awiri ena ndi akapolo;
• Ndi manja awiri oyendetsa.
Zenera lamagetsi lomwe lili ndi manja awiri oyendetsa limafanana ndi makina omwe ali ndi lever imodzi, koma ili ndi magawo awiri amagetsi olumikizidwa ndi zida zoyendetsa ndi zonyamula.Makina omwe ali ndi dongosolo la lever ndi ovuta kwambiri, ali ndi lever imodzi yokha, ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zimapereka kukweza ndi kutsitsa galasi mothandizidwa ndi galasi pazigawo ziwiri.Makina amtunduwu amapewa kukweza ndi kutsitsa kosagwirizana kwa magalasi omwe amakhala ndi zida ziwiri zoyendetsa.
Chowongolera zenera la lever chimagwira ntchito mophweka: torque kuchokera ku chogwirira kapena mota yamagetsi imatumizidwa kudzera pa giya yoyendetsa kupita ku gawo la zida, ndikusinthidwa kukhala kayendedwe komasulira kwa lever.Ndi mbali ina, chiwombankhanga chimakankhira kumbuyo ndi galasi logwirizana nalo, kusuntha kwa lever kumalipidwa ndi kusuntha chogudubuza chake pamtunda wa kumbuyo.Kukonza galasi pamalo osankhidwa kumachitidwa ndi makina otseka masika.
Mapangidwe ndi mfundo zogwirira ntchito za rack ndi pinion window regulator
Wowongolera zenera ndi pinion ali ndi chida chosavuta kwambiri.Makinawa amakhazikitsidwa ndi ngolo yomwe imaphatikiza giya yoyendetsa, mota yamagetsi ndi bulaketi yoyika magalasi.Ngoloyi ili pazitsulo zokhazikika ndi pinion kuti galimoto yoyendetsa galimoto igwirizane ndi mano a rack, ndipo choyikapo chimagwiranso ntchito ngati chiwongolero choyendetsa galimotoyo.
Choyikapo ndi pinion ESP imagwira ntchito mophweka: torque yochokera kumagetsi yamagetsi imadyetsedwa ku giya yoyendetsa, imayamba kugubuduza pachoyikapo ndikukokera chonyamulira kumbuyo kwake - ndi momwe galasi limakwera kapena kugwa.Chonyamuliracho chikayima, giya imatseka ndipo galasi imakhazikika pamalo osankhidwa.
Mawonekedwe a kuwongolera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawindo amphamvu
Pomaliza, mawu ochepa okhudza kasamalidwe ka ESP.Pa zitsanzo zoyambirira za zipangizo, kulamulira mwachindunji kunagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe chogwiriracho chinasinthidwa ndi batani kapena mabatani oyendetsa galimoto yamagetsi.Dongosolo loterolo ndi losavuta, koma liri ndi zovuta zambiri, choncho linasinthidwa ndi makina oyendetsa magetsi omwe ali ndi ntchito zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, galasi limatha kukwezedwa ndikutsitsidwa ndi kanikizani kakang'ono ka kiyi yowongolera, makinawo amatha kutseka mawindo akamanyamula zida, ndi zina zambiri.
Wowongolera mawindo amakono salinso makina, koma dongosolo lovuta lomwe lili ndi masensa, kuwongolera ndi ma actuators, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimotoyo ikhale yosavuta komanso yabwino.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-22-2023