kunoma iyiphi injini yesimanje yangaphakathi evuthayo, ama-seal anikezwa ukuvimbela uwoyela ovela ekhanda lesilinda ukuthi ungangeni emakamelweni avuthayo - amakepisi okudefa uwoyela.Funda konke mayelana nalezi zingxenye, izinhlobo zazo, ukuklama kanye nesimiso sokusebenza, kanye nokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwama-caps - funda kulesi sihloko.
Iyini ikepisi yedeflector yamafutha?
Isigqoko se-deflector kawoyela (isivalo se-oil scraper, i-valve seal, i-valve gland, i-valve sealing cuff) iyisici sokuvala sendlela yokusabalalisa igesi yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi enamavalvu angaphezulu;Isivalo senjoloba esifakwe kumkhono womhlahlandlela kanye nesiqu se-valve ukuvumela uwoyela wenjini ukuthi ungene endaweni evuthayo.
I-valve mechanism etholakala ekhanda le-cylinder idala inkinga enkulu: kungenzeka ukuthi amafutha angena emakamelweni avuthayo kusukela phezulu kwekhanda.Amafutha angena ezikhaleni phakathi kweziqu zamavalvu nemikhono yazo eqondisayo, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuqeda lezi zikhala.Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kusetshenziswa izakhi ezikhethekile zokuvala - i-oil scraper (i-oil-deflecting) caps etholakala phezulu komhlahlandlela futhi ivale igebe phakathi kwe-valve stem kanye nomhlahlandlela.
I-Oil scraper caps yenza imisebenzi emibili:
● Ukuvimbela ukungena kukawoyela emakamelweni avuthayo amasilinda lapho amavalvu evulwa;
● Ukuvinjelwa kwamagesi e-exhaust asuka ekamelweni elivuthayo angena endleleni yokusabalalisa igesi etholakala ekhanda.
Ngenxa yezigqoko, ukwakheka okudingekayo kwengxube evuthayo emakamelweni omlilo kunikezwa (uwoyela awungeni kuwo, ongaphazamisa imodi yomlilo yengxube, kuholele ekukhuphukeni kwentuthu kanye nokuncipha kwezici zamandla enjini. ), inciphisa amandla ediphozithi yekhabhoni egunjini elivuthayo namavalvu (amadiphozithi ekhabhoni angaholela ekuwohlokeni kokuminyana kokuvalwa kwamavalvu) futhi avimbele ukungcoliswa ngokweqile kwamafutha enjini.Ama-caps angalungile, agugile azenza azizwe ngokushesha, athinta kabi ukusebenza kwenjini, ngakho-ke kufanele ashintshwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uye esitolo ukuze uthole ama-valve ama-oil seals amasha, udinga ukuqonda izinhlobo zabo ezikhona, imiklamo kanye nezici.
Idizayini yekepisi ye-oil scraper
Izinhlobo kanye nomklamo wamakepisi we-deflector wamafutha
Zonke izimpawu ze-valve ye-gland ezisetshenziswa ezinjinini zesimanje zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili ngokuya ngokuklama nendlela yokufaka:
● Amakepisi e-Cuff;
● Amakepisi e-Flange.
Izingxenye zazo zombili izinhlobo zinomklamo ofanayo, zihluka kuphela ngemininingwane eyodwa kanye nesici sokufaka.
ukufakwa kwe-cuff uhlobo lwe-oil scraper cap
Idizayini yekepisi yohlobo lwezindebe isekelwe kumkhono wenjoloba wobubanzi obuguquguqukayo, ingxenye yawo engezansi yenziwe ukuze ihambisane nobubanzi bomkhono womhlahlandlela wevalvu, kanti ingxenye engaphezulu inobubanzi besiqu se-valve.Isigqoko senziwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenjoloba ezimelana nemithwalo ephezulu eshisayo neyemishini, evame kakhulu i-fluororubber.Ingaphakathi lekepisi - indawo elingana nomhlahlandlela - inothayela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana okuhle kakhulu kanye nokulingana okunethezekile.Ingaphezulu lesiqu se-valve ngokuvamile lenziwa ngendlela yonqenqema olusebenzayo olunama-bevel anikeza ukukhishwa okungcono kwamafutha esiqwini lapho i-valve ihamba phansi.
Emkhakheni wangaphandle we-cap kukhona isici sokuqinisa - indandatho yensimbi yokuqina, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kalula lapho ufaka uphawu lwamafutha kanye nokufaneleka kwalo okuthembekile ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini.Engxenyeni engenhla (endaweni yokunamathela kunduku ye-valve) esigqokweni kukhona isiphethu sekhoyili esigoqelwe endandathoni - sinikeza ukuthintana okuqinile kwezingxenye, ukuvimbela ukungena kwamafutha kanye nokuphumelela kwamagesi okukhipha igesi avela egumbini elivuthayo. .
Ngokwesakhiwo, ama-caps ane-flanged afana nezindebe zomlomo, ngaphandle kwemininingwane eyodwa: kulezi zimpawu zamafutha, indandatho yokuqina yensimbi inobude obuningi, futhi engxenyeni engezansi idlulela ku-flange eyisicaba yobubanzi obukhulu kune-cap ngokwayo. .Lapho ufaka i-cap enjalo, i-valve spring ihlezi phezu kwe-flange yayo, iqinisekisa ukulingana okuphephile kophawu.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi namuhla kukhona ama-caps deflector kawoyela womklamo oyinhlanganisela.Ingxenye yabo engezansi yenziwe ngenjoloba eqinile futhi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa, kanti ingxenye engenhla yenziwe ngerabha enwebeka kakhulu, efinyelela ukumelana okuphezulu kwengxenye emithwalweni ehlukahlukene.Ukuxhumeka kwezingxenye kwenziwa ngendandatho yensimbi yesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi.
Ngokwenhloso yabo, ama-caps e-oil scraper ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
● Okwamavalvu okungenisa;
● Okwamavalve okukhipha umoya.
Njengoba ama-valve okungenisa nawokuqeda anobubanzi obuhlukene enjinini efanayo, izimpawu ezihambisanayo nazo zifakwe kuzo.Ukuze uthole ukuhlonza okunokwethenjelwa kanye nokufakwa okulungile kwama-caps we-valve wokungenisa nokukhipha, anemibala ehlukene.
Ukufakwa kwe-flange-type oil scraper cap
Njengoba sekushiwo kakade, ama-caps deflector caps afakwe ngqo emikhonweni yomhlahlandlela we-valve futhi amboze iziqu ze-valve ngengxenye yazo engenhla.Amafutha ageleza phansi kweziqu ze-valve amiswa unqenqema olusebenzayo phezulu kwekepisi, oluvimbela ukuthi lungangeni ekamelweni elivuthayo.Ngendlela efanayo, amagesi aphumayo agcinwa ohlangothini olungemuva (olwenziwa yi-ring spring).Ukuqina konqenqema lokusebenza esiqwini se-valve kuqinisekiswa kokubili ukunwebeka kwerabha kanye nendandatho yentwasahlobo eyengeziwe.Inombolo ye-oil scraper caps enjini ihambisana nenani lama-valve afakwe kuyo.
Indlela yokukhetha nokufaka esikhundleni se-oil deflector caps ngendlela efanele
Izigqoko ze-oil scraper ziyizingxenye ezishintshwayo okufanele zishintshwe ezintsha njengoba ziguga.Ezinjini ezahlukene, amagama ahlukene asethelwe ukushintshwa okujwayelekile kwamakepisi - ukusuka ku-50 kuya ku-150,000 km.Kodwa-ke, izimpawu zivame ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, isidingo sokushintshwa sikhonjiswe ukwanda kwentuthu ye-exhaust, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela, nasezinjinini zikaphethiloli - futhi zifafaza amakhandlela ngamafutha.Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi imiphetho yokusebenza yama-caps isivele ilahlekelwe ukuqina kwayo futhi ayihambisani kahle ne-valve stem, noma ama-caps avele aqhekeke, akhubazekile noma abhujiswe.
Amakepisi e-Flanged oil scraper
Ukuze kufakwe esikhundleni, kubalulekile ukuthatha ama-caps afanayo kawoyela e-scraper afakwe enjini ngaphambili.Kwezinye izimo, ezinye izimpawu zamafutha zingasetshenziswa, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi zihambisane ngokugcwele nobukhulu bokufaka bokuqala kanye nezinto zokwakha (ikakhulukazi mayelana nokumelana nokushisa), ngaphandle kwalokho ama-caps ngeke awele endaweni futhi ngeke anikeze. ukubekwa uphawu okuvamile.
Ukushintshwa kwama-caps deflector caps kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yokulungisa nokugcinwa kwemoto.Ngokuvamile, le nqubo ifinyelela kulokhu okulandelayo:
1.Hlubula ikhava yekhanda yesilinda;
2.Uma kunesidingo, qaqa ama-camshaft, izingalo ze-rocker nezinye izingxenye ze-timing drive ezizophazamisa umsebenzi;
3.Vula i-crankshaft yenjini ukuze i-piston, kumavalvu azoshintsha amakepisi, ime endaweni ephezulu efile (TDC);
I-4.Ukomisa ama-valve kuwumsebenzi ohlukile owenziwa ngokuhambisana nemiyalelo yawo.Ukomisa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ube nedivaysi ekhethekile yokucindezela iziphethu ze-valve, i-magnet yokukhipha ama-crackers nayo izoba usizo;
5.Ngemva kokukhipha iziphethu, qhaqha (cindezela) i-cap - kungcono ukusebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile nge-collet grip, kodwa ungasebenzisa ama-pliers noma ama-screwdrivers amabili, kodwa lapha kubalulekile ukuthi ungalimazi i-valve stem;
6.Thatha ikepisi elisha, gcoba indawo yayo yangaphakathi ngamafutha bese uyicindezela emkhonweni usebenzisa i-mandrel ekhethekile.Ungaqala ngokukhipha isiphethu kukepisi bese usigqoka.Kunzima kakhulu ukufaka i-cap ngaphandle kwe-mandrel futhi cishe njalo lokhu kuholela ekulimaleni kwengxenye;
7.Yenza imisebenzi ecacisiwe yawo wonke amakepisi bese uhlanganisa kabusha.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa amadivaysi akhethekile esikhundleni se-caps deflector yamafutha - i-puller inertial kanye ne-mandrel yokucindezela.Uma kungenjalo, kunengozi enkulu kakhulu yokucekela phansi wonke umsebenzi kanye nokusebenzisa imali eyengeziwe.Ngemuva kokushintshwa, ama-caps awadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukunaka isimo sabo ngokuya nezici zenjini.
Ngokukhetha okulungile nokushintshwa kwe-oil scraper caps, amafutha ekhanda le-cylinder ngeke abangele izinkinga, futhi ukusebenza kwenjini kuzohlangabezana nezindinganiso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-26-2023